Rapid adaptation to high temperatures in Chironomus riparius
Rapid adaptation to high temperatures in Chironomus riparius
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.4706
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Pfenninger, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Foucault, Quentin;Wieser, Andreas;Pfenninger, Markus
温度的季节变化和日变化对变温生物适合度和生理的影响以及它们如何科普这种变化已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，多化性生物如何科普从一代到下一代的温度变化仍然没有得到很好的理解。本研究的目的是调查是否多化性摇蚊riparius Meigen（1803）的反应主要是通过驯化目前的理论预测或是否涉及快速的遗传适应。为了研究这个问题，一个共同的花园的方法已被应用。来自五个欧洲种群的幼虫混合在实验室中在三种不同的暴露前温度（PET）下饲养：14，20和26摄氏度。三代和五代后，幼虫分别暴露于三种处理温度（TT）：14、20和26 ℃。在前48小时和羽化后监测死亡率。三代之后，显著的死亡率差异取决于PET和TT的相互作用。这一发现支持的假设，摇蚊迅速响应气候变化，通过适应机制，并在较小程度上通过表型可塑性。实验结果表明，三代足以适应温暖的温度，降低死亡率，突出的潜力，摇蚊迅速响应季节性变化的条件。
Effects of seasonal or daily temperature variation on fitness and physiology of ectothermic organisms and their ways to cope with such variations have been widely studied. However, the way multivoltines organisms cope with temperature variations from one generation to the next is still not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the multivoltine midge Chironomus riparius Meigen (1803) responds mainly via acclimation as predicted by current theories or whether rapid genetic adaptation is involved. To investigate this issue, a common garden approach has been applied. A mix of larvae from five European populations was raised in the laboratory at three different pre-exposure temperatures (PET): 14, 20, and 26 degrees C. After three and five generations, respectively, larvae were exposed to three treatment temperatures (TT): 14, 20, and 26 degrees C. Mortality was monitored for the first 48 hr and after emergence. After three generations, significant mortality rate differences depended on an interaction of PET and TT. This finding supports the hypothesis that chironomids respond rapidly to climatic variation via adaptive mechanisms and to a lesser extent via phenotypic plasticity. The result of the experiment indicates that three generations were sufficient to adapt to warm temperature, decreasing the mortality rate, highlighting the potential for chironomids to rapidly respond to seasonally changing conditions.