Gut-associated bacteria of Helicoverpa zea indirectly trigger plant defenses in maize
Gut-associated bacteria of Helicoverpa zea indirectly trigger plant defenses in maize
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玉米夜蛾肠道相关细菌间接触发玉米植物防御
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-018-0970-0
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Gary W. Felton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jie Wang;Mingyu Yang;Yuanyuan Song;Flor E. Acevedo;Kelli Hoover;Rensen Zeng;Gary W. Felton
与昆虫相关的微生物可以对昆虫的生理和生态功能做出贡献。尽管有一些甲虫和刺吸性昆虫的例子，但昆虫相关细菌如何调节植物-昆虫相互作用的各种机制仍然不完全清楚。多食性草食性食草动物Helicoverpa zeaaa是一种主要的农业害虫，其消化系统中含有某些微生物。ludwigi肠杆菌是从田间采集的毛虫中鉴定的肠道相关细菌之一，已被证明通过触发唾液激发子的生物合成来间接诱导双子叶植物番茄的防御，但目前还没有明确的机制来说明肠道微生物如何改变这些唾液提示以及不同的宿主植物如何对这些诱导诱导子做出反应。在这里，我们进行了一系列的检测，以确定是否感染了。路德维希影响了H。狂热的生长、免疫和唾液反应，从而影响玉米对草食的诱导防御。给实验室饲养的毛虫接种疫苗。Ludwigii对毛虫的生长没有显著影响，但两个免疫相关基因葡萄糖氧化酶(Gox)和溶菌酶(Lyz)在唾液腺和中肠中的表达比用氯化镁溶液处理的毛虫高。对口服激发子在触发玉米特异防御反应中的作用进行了评估。我们的结果表明，唾液及其主要成分葡萄糖氧化酶(GOX)是从唾液中产生的。接种Ludwigii的毛虫在诱导玉米抗食草动物反应中起到一定的作用。这些发现提供了一个新的概念，即将细菌引入草食动物可能是通过改变昆虫的免疫反应从而间接诱导植物抗性来控制害虫的重要途径。
Insect-associated microbes can contribute to the physiological and ecological functions of insects. Despite a few examples in beetles and piercing-sucking insects, the varied mechanisms of how insect-associated bacteria mediate plant-insect interactions are still not fully understood. The polyphagous herbivoreHelicoverpa zeais a major agricultural pest that harbors certain microbes in their digestive systems.Enterobacter ludwigiiis one of the gut-associated bacteria identified from field-collected caterpillars, and it has been shown to indirectly induce defenses in the dicot plant tomato by triggering the biosynthesis of salivary elicitors, but there are no clear mechanisms to show how gut microbes alter these salivary cues and how a different host plant responds to these inducible elicitors. Here, we conducted a series of assays to determine whether infection withE. ludwigiiaffectsH. zealarval growth, immunity, and salivary responses and thus influences induced defenses of maize to herbivory. Inoculating lab-reared caterpillars withE. ludwigii, did not significantly affect the growth of caterpillars, but two immunity-related genesglucose oxidase(GOX)andlysozyme(LYZ) were more highly expressed in both salivary glands and midguts compared with MgCl2solution-treated caterpillars. Oral elicitors were evaluated for their role in triggering maize-specific defense responses. Our results show that saliva and its main component protein glucose oxidase (GOX) fromE. ludwigii-inoculated caterpillars played a role in inducing maize anti-herbivore responses. These findings provide a novel concept that introducing bacteria to an herbivore may be an important approach to pest control through alteration of insect immune responses and thus indirect induction of plant resistance.