Seasonal fluctuations of resource abundance and avian feeding guilds across forest–farmland boundaries in tropical Africa
Seasonal fluctuations of resource abundance and avian feeding guilds across forest–farmland boundaries in tropical Africa
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热带非洲森林-农田边界资源丰度和鸟类饲养行业的季节性波动
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0706.2012.20640.x
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Schleuning
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Mulwa;E. Neuschulz;K. Böhning‐Gaese;M. Schleuning
未来几十年，气候因素的季节性波动预计会增加。然而，关于热带物种群落对气候和资源可获得性的季节性波动的反应，特别是在不同生境类型之间的反应，人们知之甚少。我们研究了水果和无脊椎动物丰度的时空波动与肯尼亚西部森林和农田栖息地的两个鸟类摄食行会，即食果动物和食虫动物之间的关系。水果和无脊椎动物全年波动很大，但两种栖息地之间的季节性波动是不同步的。食果动物和食虫动物的物种丰富度和总丰度也波动很大，并与各自资源的丰富度密切相关。果食性物种丰富度在森林和农田生境中呈反周期波动，表明几个食果性物种跨越生境边界追踪水果资源。相比之下，食虫鸟类的丰富度在两种生境类型中同步波动，表明缺乏跨越生境边界的局部规模的运动。我们的结论是，鸟类群落对资源可获得性的季节性波动做出了强烈的反应，但不同的摄食公会的反应不同。食果动物似乎对季节波动作出灵活反应，例如通过跨越栖息地边界跟踪水果资源，而食虫鸟类似乎更容易受到资源可获得性季节性波动预期增加的影响。
Seasonal fluctuations in climatic factors are expected to increase in future decades. However, little is known about the response of tropical species communities to seasonal fluctuations in climate and resource availability, particularly across different habitat types. We examined the relationship between spatio-temporal fluctuations in the abundance of fruits and invertebrates and two avian feeding guilds, i.e. frugivores and insectivores, in forest and farmland habitats in western Kenya. Fruits and invertebrates fluctuated substantially throughout the year, but seasonal fluctuations were asynchronous between the two habitat types. Species richness and total abundance of frugivores and insectivores also fluctuated strongly and were closely related to the abundance of their respective resources. Frugivore species richness fluctuated anti-cyclical in forest and farmland habitats, suggesting that several frugivorous species tracked fruit resources across habitat boundaries. In contrast, insectivorous bird richness fluctuated synchronously in the two habitat types, suggesting a lack of local-scale movements across habitat boundaries. We conclude that bird communities strongly respond to seasonal fluctuations in resource availability, but responses differ between feeding guilds. While frugivores seem to respond flexibly to seasonal fluctuations, for instance by tracking fruit resources across habitat boundaries, insectivorous birds appear to be more susceptible to the expected increase in seasonal fluctuations in resource availability.