Poverty during pregnancy: Its effects on child health outcomes
Poverty during pregnancy: Its effects on child health outcomes
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DOI：
10.1093/pch/12.8.673
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Larson, Charles P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Larson, Charles P.
据估计，加拿大每年有近10万名儿童出生在贫困家庭。在怀孕期间，他们的母亲可能面临多种充满压力的生活事件，包括单身母亲和少女怀孕、失业、居住环境更加拥挤或污染，以及可用于应对这些情况的资源少得多。贫困和怀孕对儿童早期健康造成的影响是多方面的，往往使新生儿在健康结果方面走上一生不平等的道路。其中包括早产、胎儿宫内生长受限以及新生儿或婴儿死亡的风险大幅增加。人们一直发现，贫困是认知发育迟缓以及学业表现不佳的一个重要决定因素。幼儿和青少年的行为问题与母亲的贫困密切相关。很难找到支持旨在减少贫困人口中这些差异的政策和项目（包括卫生从业人员的作用）的可靠证据。部分原因是许多针对贫困人口的干预措施和项目没有得到恰当的评估或严格的评价。
It is estimated that nearly 100,000 children are born into poverty each year in Canada. During pregnancy, their mothers are likely to face multiple stressful life events, including lone-mother and teenage pregnancies, unemployment, more crowded or polluted physical environments, and far fewer resources to deal with these exposures. The early child health consequences of poverty and pregnancy are multiple, and often set a newborn child on a life-long course of disparities in health Outcomes. Included are greatly increased risks for preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and neonatal or infant death. Poverty has consistently been found to be a powerful determinant of delayed cognitive development and poor school performance. Behaviour problems among young children and adolescents are strongly associated with maternal poverty. Sound evidence in Support of policies and programs to reduce these disparities among the poor, including the role of health practitioners, is difficult to find. This is partly because many interventions and programs targeting the poor are not properly evaluated or critically appraised.