Towards improving provision of wooden temporary housing: Analysis of repairs of temporary housing built by local contractors after the Great East Japan Earthquake
Towards improving provision of wooden temporary housing: Analysis of repairs of temporary housing built by local contractors after the Great East Japan Earthquake
复制标题
改善木制临时住宅的供应：东日本大地震后当地承包商建造的临时住宅的修复分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103537
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Maly Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iwata Tsukasa;Harada Eiji;Maly Elizabeth
日本有完善的支持住房重建的法律的框架、政策和先例。虽然提供临时住房的标准流程是通过预制建筑商协会，但在2011年东日本大地震和海啸之后，临时住房的需求超过了预制建筑商协会成员的能力。在福岛县，17，143套临时住房中有6，639套是由当地承包商建造的，因此在当地经济和地区再开发中也发挥了重要作用。与预制构件临时住房相比，木质临时住房在隔热性能和舒适性方面具有上级优势，因此对木质临时住房的宜居性给予高度评价。然而，由于幸存者需要在临时住房中生活的时间远远超过2年的设计期限，住房单元已经损坏，需要维修。为了发现设计和施工方面的问题，本研究分析了2012年至2017年GEJE后福岛木制临时住房的类型、数量和维修因素。面对长期居住和暴露在自然环境中的现实，木制临时住房容易受到雨水和渗漏、低质量配件和地基受损造成的破坏。通过了解建筑物的哪些部分在几年的居住中无法支撑，可以通过提高建筑规格，包括要求使用高质量和可靠的产品，在未来的木制临时住房建设中改进设计和施工。通过这些改进，木制临时住房不仅可以支持灾难幸存者，还可以支持区域和地方经济以及可持续的木材建筑文化。
Japan has well-established legal frameworks, policies, and precedents to support housing reconstruction. Although the standard process for providing temporary housing is through the prefabricated builders association, after the devastating 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and tsunami the need for temporary housing exceeded the capacity of the prefabricated builders association members. In Fukushima Prefecture, 6639 out of 17,143 total temporary housing units were built by local contractors, thereby also playing a significant role in the local economy and regional redevelopment. Superior in heat insulation performance and comfort compared to prefabricated temporary housing, livability of wooden temporary housing was highly evaluated. However, as survivors needed to live in temporary housing for much longer than the design period of 2 years, the housing units deteriorated and needed repairs. To identify issues with design and construction, this research analyzed the types, number, and factors of repairs of wooden temporary housing in Fukushima after the GEJE between 2012 and 2017. Facing the reality of longer term occupancy and exposure to the elements, wooden temporary housing was vulnerable to failures caused by rain and leakage, low quality fittings, and compromised foundations. By understanding which parts of the buildings did not hold up over several years of inhabitation, design and construction can be improved in future construction of wooden temporary housing, by increasing the construction specifications, including requiring the use of high-quality and reliable products. With these improvements, wooden temporary housing can support not only disaster survivors, but also regional and local economies and sustainable timber building culture.