Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims
Service Utilization and Help Seeking in a National Sample of Female Rape Victims
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.59.12.1450
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kilpatrick, Dean G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amstadter, Ananda B.;McCauley, Jenna L.;Kilpatrick, Dean G.
目的：许多有精神健康问题的妇女不寻求帮助。尽管对寻求帮助的预测因素进行了大量研究，但对与高危人群（例如强奸受害者）寻求帮助相关的因素知之甚少。这项研究探讨了各种形式的帮助寻求情感问题的关键变量在全国样本的女性强奸受害者。方法：对3,001名年龄在18至76岁之间的妇女进行了电话采访。所有访谈均在2006年1月23日至2006年6月26日期间进行。那些赞同强奸的一生的历史包括在这里提出的分析（N=556）。对人口统计学特征、强奸史、强奸特征、精神病理学和药物滥用进行评估。通过询问参与者是否曾因情绪问题寻求帮助来评估寻求帮助，如果是，寻求什么类型的服务（通过医疗专业人员，宗教人士或心理健康专业人员提供的服务）。结果：60%的被试赞同求助行为。最终的多变量模型显示，曾经寻求帮助与白色（OR=2.61），已婚（OR= 0.42）和创伤后应激障碍（OR=3.45）有关。寻求帮助的具体形式揭示了独特的预测集。结论：虽然强奸受害者寻求帮助的终生历史很高，40%的受访者从未寻求过情感问题的帮助。寻求帮助的几率通常会因精神障碍的存在而增加。调查结果表明，一些受访者可能曾向一般医疗专业人员或宗教人士寻求与被强奸有关的情感问题的帮助。应向其他专业人员提供关于强奸和相关疾病的教育和培训，以支持提供护理。应加强有关专业人员提供服务的公共政策，并应包括对心理健康服务的报销，使受害者不必为服务付费。（精神病学服务59：1450-1457，2008）
Objective: Many women with mental health problems do not seek help. Despite substantial research on predictors of help seeking, little is known about factors associated with help seeking in at-risk populations (for example, rape victims). This study examined various forms of help seeking for emotional problems in relation to key variables in a national sample of female rape victims. Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted with a representative sample of 3,001 women (aged 18 to 76 years). All interviews were conducted between January 23, 2006, and June 26, 2006. Those endorsing a lifetime history of rape were included in the analyses presented here (N=556). Demographic characteristics, rape history, rape characteristics, psychopathology, and substance abuse were assessed. Help seeking was assessed by asking whether participants ever sought help for emotional problems, and if so, what types of services were sought (services provided through a medical professional, religious figure, or mental health professional). Results: Help seeking was endorsed by 60% of the sample. The final multivariable model showed that ever seeking help was associated with being white (OR=2.61), being married (OR=.42), and having posttraumatic stress disorder (OR=3.45). Specific forms of help seeking revealed unique predictor sets. Conclusions: Although lifetime history of help seeking among rape victims was high, 40% of respondents had never sought help for emotional problems. Odds of help seeking were generally increased by the presence of a mental disorder. The findings suggest that some respondents may have sought help from general medical professionals or religious figures for emotional problems related to being raped. Education and training regarding rape and associated disorders should be available to other professionals to support provision of care. Public policy should be strengthened regarding professionals' service provision and should include reimbursement for mental health services so victims do not have to pay for services. (Psychiatric Services 59: 1450-1457, 2008)