Effects of ambient particulate matter on peak expiratory flow rates and respiratory symptoms of asthmatics during Asian dust periods in Korea
Effects of ambient particulate matter on peak expiratory flow rates and respiratory symptoms of asthmatics during Asian dust periods in Korea
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1843.2005.00728.x
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Ju, YS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, JW;Lim, YH;Ju, YS
产生灰尘的事件经常产生直径小于10微米的环境灰尘颗粒，这些颗粒与对一般人群的不利影响有关。然而，将这些颗粒与对哮喘个体的气道的不利影响联系起来的证据是有限的。本研究的目的是调查亚洲粉尘事件对支气管哮喘患者的呼吸功能和症状的可能不良影响，从2002年3月至6月，通过支气管激发试验或支气管扩张剂反应诊断为哮喘的患者被纳入研究。根据哮喘严重程度将患者分为轻度、中度和重度三组。排除患有其他主要疾病状态的患者。患者每天完成两次日记，监测PEF、呼吸道症状和日常活动。在韩国仁川的10个监测点测量了直径< 10 μ m的颗粒物（PM 10）以及二氧化氮（NO2）、二氧化硫（SO2）、臭氧（O-3）和一氧化碳（CO）的日和小时平均水平。在沙尘天有增加的PM10的水平，降低NO2和SO2的水平，和CO水平没有变化，与对照日的水平相比。PM10浓度的增加与PEF变异性增加> 20%（P < 0.05）、夜间症状增加（P < 0.05）和平均PEF降低（P < 0.05）相关，通过纵向数据分析计算。相比之下，PM10水平与支气管扩张剂吸入器使用或日间呼吸道症状之间没有关联。使用一般加性泊松回归模型，PM10和呼吸道症状之间存在临界关联，相对风险为1.05（95%置信区间（CI），0.99-1.17）。PM10浓度和PEF测量值之间没有关联，早晨和晚上的PEF值之间的变异性> 20%，相对风险为1.05（95%CI，0.89-1.24）。该研究提供了证据表明，亚洲沙尘事件正在影响支气管哮喘受试者的呼吸道症状，以及环境空气污染，特别是PM10升高，可能是加重病情的因素之一
Dust generating events frequently produce ambient dust particles that are less than 10 mu m in diameter, and these have been linked to adverse effects in the general population. However, the evidence linking these particles to adverse effects on the airways of asthmatic individuals is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible adverse effects of Asian dust events on the respiratory functions and symptoms of subjects with bronchial asthma.From March to June 2002, individuals were enrolled who had been diagnosed as having asthma by bronchial challenge or by their bronchodilator response. The patients were divided into three groups according to asthma severity: mild, moderate and severe. Patients with other major disease states were excluded. Patients completed twice-daily diaries monitoring PEF, respiratory symptoms, and daily activities. The daily and hourly mean levels of particulate matter < 10 mu m in diameter (PM10), as well as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O-3) and carbon monoxide (CO) were measured at 10 monitoring sites in Incheon, Korea.Dust events occurred 14 times during the study period. On dusty days there were increased levels of PM10, decreased levels of NO2 and SO2, and no change in the CO levels, compared to the levels on control days. An increase in PM10 concentration was associated with increases in PEF variability of > 20% (P < 0.05), more night-time symptoms (P < 0.05), and a decrease in the mean PEF (P < 0.05), calculated by longitudinal data analysis. In contrast, there was no association between the PM10 levels and bronchodilator inhaler use or daytime respiratory symptoms. Using a general additive Poisson regression model, a borderline association was noted between PM10 and respiratory symptoms, with a relative risk of 1.05 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.17). There was no association between the PM10 concentrations and PEF measurements, with PEF variability of > 20% between the morning and evening values and a relative risk of 1.05 (95% CI, 0.89-1.24) in all subjects.This study provides evidence that Asian dust events are impacting on the respiratory symptoms of subjects with bronchial asthma, and ambient air pollution, particularly elevated PM10, might be one of the aggravating factors.