Differential effects of general anesthetics on anxiety-like behavior in formalin-induced pain: involvement of ERK activation in the anterior cingulate cortex
Differential effects of general anesthetics on anxiety-like behavior in formalin-induced pain: involvement of ERK activation in the anterior cingulate cortex
复制标题
全身麻醉药对福尔马林引起的疼痛中焦虑样行为的不同影响：前扣带皮层 ERK 激活的参与
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-015-4071-2
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dai, Ru-Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Cong;Zhang, Yan-Ling;Dai, Ru-Ping
众所周知，与疼痛相关的焦虑和抑郁与慢性疼痛共病，并对患者的生活质量产生不利影响。最近的研究表明，急性手术疼痛也会产生类似焦虑的行为，但全麻对急性疼痛相关焦虑的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在比较不同全麻对大鼠模型中福尔马林引起的急性疼痛后焦虑样行为的影响。通过足底注射1%福尔马林来建立福尔马林引起的急性炎症性疼痛，不麻醉或使用临床麻醉剂七氟醚、异丙酚或戊巴比妥钠麻醉。采用开放性实验和高架迷宫法研究焦虑样行为。应用免疫组织化学方法检测磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶（p-ERK） 1/2在前扣带皮层（ACC）和脊髓中的表达。注射福尔马林后24和72 h观察焦虑样行为。同时，在注射福尔马林后1和24 h， ACC中的p-ERK 1/2表达上调。麻醉期间注射福尔马林后，三种全麻均能有效阻断大鼠ACC的伤害性反应和ERK的激活，但在注射后24小时，只有七氟醚能抑制脊髓和ACC的ERK激活。这项研究表明，七氟醚，而不是静脉麻醉药，抑制疼痛相关的焦虑，以及前扣带的ERK激活，可能是通过抑制脊髓伤害性传递。术中应用吸入麻醉剂可能是减少术后焦虑的较好选择。
Pain-related anxiety and depression are well known to be comorbid with chronic pain and adversely affect patient quality of life. Recent studies have shown that anxiety-like behaviors also develop with acute surgical pain, but the effects of general anesthetics on acute pain-related anxiety are unknown.The present study aimed to compare the effects of different general anesthetics on anxiety-like behaviors that follow formalin-induced acute pain in a rat model.Formalin-induced acute inflammatory pain was established by intraplantar injection of 1 % formalin without anesthesia or with anesthesia using the clinical anesthetics sevoflurane, propofol, or pentobarbital sodium. Anxiety-like behaviors were studied using the open-field test and elevated plus maze. Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) 1/2 expression in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and spinal cord was examined using immunohistochemistry.Anxiety-like behaviors were observed at 24 and 72 h post-formalin injection. Concomitantly, p-ERK 1/2 expression was upregulated in the ACC at 1 and 24 h post-formalin injection. While all three general anesthetics effectively blocked nociceptive responses and activation of ERK in the rat ACC following formalin injection during anesthesia, only sevoflurane inhibited ERK activation in the spinal cord and ACC at 24 h post-injection.This study suggests that sevoflurane, but not intravenous anesthetics, inhibits pain-related anxiety, along with ERK activation in the ACC, probably through inhibition of spinal nociceptive transmission. Intraoperative application of inhaled anesthetics may be a better choice to reduce postoperative anxiety.