Solid cancer mortality in the techa river cohort (1950-2007).
Solid cancer mortality in the techa river cohort (1950-2007).
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DOI：
10.1667/rr2932.1
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Preston DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schonfeld SJ;Krestinina LY;Epifanova S;Degteva MO;Akleyev AV;Preston DL
我们对电离辐射癌症风险的了解主要基于对高剂量和高剂量率暴露人群的研究。长期、低剂量和低剂量率辐射暴露造成癌症风险的程度尚不清楚。我们估计了 1950 年至 1960 年间居住在 Techa 河沿岸的 29,730 名个体的实体癌症死亡率的剂量反应关系。在 Mayak 放射化工厂向河中排放放射性废物后，该人群既暴露于外部 γ 辐射，也暴露于内部 90Sr、137Cs 和其他放射性核素。该分析利用了 Techa River 剂量测量系统 (TRDS) 2009 的最新个体化剂量。我们使用泊松回归方法估计了每 Gy 实体癌死亡率的超额相对风险 (ERR)，其中 95% 置信区间 (CI) 和基于似然比检验的 P 值。 1950 年至 2007 年间，有 2,303 人死于实体癌症。线性 ERR/Gy = 0.61（95%；CI 0.04–1.27），P = 0.03。据估计，大约 2% (49.7) 的实体癌死亡与辐射暴露有关。我们的研究结果基于 2,303 例实体癌症死亡和 50 多年的随访，支持因特查河污染导致的长期辐射暴露导致实体癌症死亡风险增加。我们估计的宽置信区间反映了量化和描述低剂量范围内剂量反应关系形状的挑战。尽管如此，风险估计提供了有关全身辐射暴露的健康风险的重要信息，这种风险可能是由于事故导致大范围的环境污染而发生的。
Our understanding of cancer risk from ionizing radiation is largely based on studies of populations exposed at high dose and high dose rates. Less certain is the magnitude of cancer risk from protracted, low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation exposure. We estimated the dose-response relationship for solid cancer mortality in a cohort of 29,730 individuals who lived along the Techa River between 1950 and 1960. This population was exposed to both external γ radiation and internal 90Sr, 137Cs and other radionuclides after the release of radioactive waste into the river by the Mayak Radiochemical Plant. The analysis utilized the latest individualized doses from the Techa River Dosimetry System (TRDS) 2009. We estimated excess relative risks (ERRs) per Gy for solid cancer mortality using Poisson regression methods with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and P values based on likelihood ratio tests. Between 1950 and 2007, there were 2,303 solid cancer deaths. The linear ERR/Gy = 0.61 (95%; CI 0.04–1.27), P = 0.03. It is estimated that approximately 2% (49.7) of solid cancers deaths were associated with the radiation exposure. Our results, based on 2,303 solid cancer deaths and more than 50 years of follow-up, support an increased risk of solid cancer mortality following protracted radiation exposure from the Techa River contamination. The wide confidence interval of our estimate reflects the challenges of quantifying and describing the shape of the dose-response relationship in the low dose range. Nevertheless, the risk estimates provide important information concerning health risks from whole-body radiation exposure that can occur from accidents that result in wide-scale environmental contamination.