Changes in land use of a village driven by over 25 years of tourism: The case of Gougezhuang village, China
Changes in land use of a village driven by over 25 years of tourism: The case of Gougezhuang village, China
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.11.014
复制
发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Jian-chao Xi;Mei-feng Zhao;Q. Ge;Qinqin Kong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jian-chao Xi;Mei-feng Zhao;Q. Ge;Qinqin Kong
近30年来快速的城市化和工业化进程从不同方向重塑了中国传统村落，旅游村落是其中的一种重要类型。采用参与式农村评价（PRA）、地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感（RS）相结合的方法，研究了苟各庄村1986 - 2010年土地利用变化的时空格局。研究结果表明，在过去的25年里，苟各庄村在水平和垂直两个维度上都经历了扩张，土地集约度不断增加。这种扩张伴随着旅游化的进程，土地功能从满足村民的生活需要转变为满足游客的需求。苟各庄村从传统农村向现代城镇的转变，是在地理环境的制约和大规模旅游需求的推动下，在地方政府、村民等利益相关者的互动推动下发生的。当前土地利用模式的不可持续性表现为旅游用地的增加与村庄建设用地的有限性之间的严重矛盾，土地利用的不合理、不规范的扩张，以及对乡村传统文化和生态环境的破坏，导致乡村性的丧失。随着旅游度假村建设进入新阶段，旅游度假村的土地利用模式必须进行调整，由以当地生活需求为主导转变为以外部旅游需求为主导。针对这些问题，本文提出：（1）放开旅游村土地供给的限制，根据旅游需求分配土地配额;（2）建立农村集体土地合理流转机制，保证土地有效供给;（3）统筹规划，实现乡村旅游开发与乡村风貌保护的平衡。
The rapid urbanization and industrialization process during the last three decades has reshaped traditional Chinese rural villages in different directions, among which tourism villages are an important type. Integrating participatory rural appraisal (PRA) methods, geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS), we explored the spatial–temporal pattern of land use changes in Gougezhuang village from 1986 to 2010. The results indicate that in the past 25 years, Gougezhuang village has experienced an expansion in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions, with increasing land intensity. This expansion was accompanied by the touristization process, with land function changing from meeting villagers’ living needs to satisfying tourists’ demands. Gougezhuang village has converted from a traditional rural village to a modern town, a change driven by the interaction among local governments, villagers and other stakeholders, under the constraints of the geographic environment and the promotion of large-scale tourism demand. This paper suggests the unsustainability of current land use patterns, which are manifested in the severe conflict between increasing tourism land use and limited village construction land, irrational land usage, irregular expansion, and damages to rural traditional culture and the eco-environment resulting in the loss of rurality. With the tourism village advancing toward a new phase, the current land use pattern of the tourism-based village should be modified, converting from being driven by local living needs to external tourism demands. To solve these problems, this paper proposes that (1) current restrictions on land supply in tourism villages should be unlocked, and land quota should be allocated according to tourism demand; (2) a proper circulation mechanism of rural collective land1is necessary for the sake of effective land supply; and (3) an integrated plan should be implemented to achieve the balance between rural tourism development and the protection of rurality.