Acrylamide, Microbial Production by Nitrile Hydratase
Acrylamide, Microbial Production by Nitrile Hydratase
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DOI：
10.1002/9780470054581.eib004
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发表时间：
2010-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Zheng;Yuguo Zheng;Yinchu Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Zheng;Yuguo Zheng;Yinchu Shen
丙烯酰胺是最重要的日用化学品之一，广泛用于混凝剂、土壤改良剂、粘合剂、油漆和石油回收剂。对丙烯酰胺的需求逐年增长。丙烯酰胺传统上是通过使用硫酸或铜盐作为催化剂对丙烯腈进行化学水合来生产的。这两个过程都很复杂并且造成了严重的环境污染。对更简单、更环保的丙烯酰胺制造方法的探索从未停止。腈水合酶的发现及其在腈水合中的应用为丙烯酰胺的生产提供了一种新的方法。介绍了世界范围内生物催化丙烯酰胺技术的发展情况，包括三代工业菌株的改进及其现状。与传统化学合成相比，微生物生产丙烯酰胺具有经济和技术优势，包括高能源效率、高选择性和纯度。这是引入工业生物转化工艺来制造大宗化学品的第一个例子，被广泛认为是工业生物技术发展史上的一个里程碑。关键词：丙烯腈；丙烯酰胺；腈水合酶；生物转化；生物催化
Acrylamide is one of the most important commodity chemicals widely used in coagulators, soil conditioners, adhensives, paints and petroleum recovering agents. The demand for acrylamide is readily growing yearly. Acrylamide is traditionally produced by chemical hydration of acrylonitrile employing sulfuric acid or copper salt as catalyst. Both of the processes were complicated and caused severe environmental pollution. The search for simpler and greener manufacture methods of acrylamide has never ceased. Discovery of nitrile hydratase and its application in nitrile hydration offers a novel method for the production of acrylamide. The worldwide development of biocatalytic acrylamide technology including the improvement of three generations of industrial strains as well as its current status is described. Microbial production of acrylamide affords both economic and technical advantages over the traditional chemical synthesis including high energy efficiency, high selectivity and purity. This is the first example of the introduction of an industrial bioconversion process for the manufacture of a commodity chemical and has been widely regarded as a milestone in the development history of industrial biotechnology. Keywords: acrylonitrile; acrylamide; nitrile hydratase; biotransformation; biocatalysis