AVIAN BOTULISM—ANOTHER PERSPECTIVE
AVIAN BOTULISM—ANOTHER PERSPECTIVE
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禽类肉毒杆菌中毒——另一种视角
DOI：
10.7589/0090-3558-33.2.181
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Wobeser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Wobeser
水禽肉毒中毒是中毒中的独特之处，因为其受害者体内产生的毒素会导致其他鸟类的二次中毒。由于这种现象，肉毒中毒的尸体-蛆循环的动物流行病学类似于传染病，并且疾病的繁殖率（R）可以定义为可归因于引入沼泽的单个尸体的继发中毒的平均数量。我建议，毒素的生产和肉毒杆菌中毒通常发生在一个低水平，在许多沼泽和影响R的因素，决定当疾病扩大到一个大的动物流行病。一个模型，结合尸体的数量发生在沼泽，尸体的概率包含孢子，尸体持续到带毒素的蛆出现的概率，和活禽和毒素之间的接触率，可能是有用的预测二次中毒的程度，为确定研究的问题，并作为管理的理论基础。
Waterfowl botulism is unique among intoxications because toxin produced within its victims leads to secondary poisoning of other birds. Because of this phenomenon, the epizootiology of the carcass-maggot cycle of botulism resembles that of an infectious disease and the reproductive rate (R) of the disease could be defined as the average number of secondary intoxications attributable to a single carcass introduced into a marsh. I propose that toxin production and botulism occur commonly at a low level in many marshes and that factors which influence R determine when the disease expands into a large epizootic. A model that incorporates the number of carcasses occurring in a marsh, the probability of a carcass containing spores, the probability of a carcass persisting until toxin-bearing maggots emerge, and the contact rate between live birds and toxin, may be useful for predicting the extent of secondary-poisoning, for identifying questions for research, and as a theoretical basis for management.