Mycoinsecticides and Mycoacaricides: A comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types
Mycoinsecticides and Mycoacaricides: A comprehensive list with worldwide coverage and international classification of formulation types
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.08.001
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Wraight, Stephen P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Faria, Marcos R.;Wraight, Stephen P.
自20世纪60年代以来，世界范围内已经开发了大量的真菌杀虫剂和真菌杀螨剂。在这里，我们提供了这些产品的更新，全面的列表。至少有12种或亚种（变种）的真菌已被用作用于淹没和接种应用的真菌杀虫剂和真菌杀螨剂的活性成分，尽管有些已不再使用。以球孢白僵菌（33.9%）、绿僵菌（33.9%）、玫烟色棒束孢（5.8%）和B.（4. 1%）是本文介绍的171种产品中最常见的。在所有列出的产品中，约有75%目前已注册、正在注册或已上市（在某些情况下未注册），而15%已不再上市。我们无法确定其余10%的情况。半翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目、缨翅目和直翅目的昆虫构成了大多数目标，分布在至少48个科中。共有28种产品声称可控制至少4个科的螨类（螨和蜱），但只有3种产品（均基于汤姆逊被毛孢）专门开发为杀螨剂。已确定了11种不同的工业级活性成分或制剂类型，其中最常见的是工业浓缩物（真菌定殖基质）（26.3%）、干粉（20.5%）和油分散体（15.2%）。大约43%的产品是由南美公司和机构开发的。目前，可能是最大的单一微生物控制计划使用真菌涉及使用M。在南美甘蔗和牧场中，绿僵菌用于控制喷沫虫（Cercopidae）。(c)2007年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
A substantial number of mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides have been developed worldwide since the 1960s. Here we present an updated, comprehensive list of these products. At least 12 species or subspecies (varieties) of fungi have been employed as active ingredients of mycoinsecticides and mycoacaricides for inundative and inoculative applications, although some are no longer in use. Products based on Beauveria bassiana (33.9%), Metarhizium anisopliae (33.9%), Isaria fumosorosea (5.8%), and B. brongniartii (4. 1%) are the most common among the 171 products presented in this paper. Approximately 75% of all listed products are currently registered, undergoing registration or commercially available (in some cases without registration), whereas 15% are no longer available. We were unable to determine the status of the remaining 10%. Insects in the orders Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Thysanoptera, and Orthoptera comprise most of the targets, distributed among at least 48 families. A total of 28 products are claimed to control acarines (mites and ticks) in at least 4 families, although only three products (all based on Hirsutella thompsonii) were exclusively developed as acaricides. Eleven different technical grade active ingredients or formulation types have been identified, with technical concentrates (fungus-colonized substrates) (26.3%), wettable powders (20.5%) and oil dispersions (15.2%) being most common. Approximately 43% of all products were developed by South American companies and institutions. Currently, what may be the largest single microbial control program using fungi involves the use of M. anisopliae for control of spittlebugs (Cercopidae) in South American sugarcane and pastures. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.