Origin, evolution, and genotyping of emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains in the United States.
Origin, evolution, and genotyping of emergent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strains in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00737-13
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发表时间：
2013-10-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Meng XJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang YW;Dickerman AW;Piñeyro P;Li L;Fang L;Kiehne R;Opriessnig T;Meng XJ
已知冠状病毒会感染人类和其他动物，并导致呼吸道和胃肠道疾病。在这里，我们报告了猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)在美国的出现，并根据时间和地理证据确定了它的起源、进化和基因类型。对明尼苏达州和爱荷华州暴发的3株新分离的PEDV感染猪小肠切片的组织学损伤和全基因组序列进行了研究。对这三个美国毒株的遗传和系统发育分析表明，它们与中国的PEDV毒株及其可能的中国起源有着密切的亲缘关系。美国PEDV毒株经历了进化分化，可分为两个亚系。这三个新出现的美国毒株与2012年从安徽省中国分离的一株毒株亲缘关系最近，该毒株可能是不同遗传谱系或亚系之间多次重组的结果。根据全基因组序列对发散时间的分子时钟分析与中国(2010年12月)和美国(2013年5月)PED暴发的实际时差约2至3年一致。美国新出现的PEDV毒株与蝙蝠冠状病毒在5‘-非翻译区具有独特的遗传特征，这一发现进一步支持了PEDV从蝙蝠进化而来的起源和潜在的跨物种传播。这项研究的数据对了解美国目前的PEDV暴发具有重要意义，并将指导未来制定有效的PEDV预防和控制措施的努力。猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)是一种冠状病毒，在美国首次突然出现，引发了重大的经济和公共卫生问题。自2013年5月被确认以来，PEDV在美国迅速蔓延，目前已导致17个以上州的仔猪死亡率居高不下。由于缺乏关于这种新出现的冠状病毒起源和演变的科学信息，中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒在阿拉伯半岛或附近国家的人类中持续爆发，以及2002年严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒爆发的历史致命性质，使人们对美国出现PEDV进一步感到担忧。在这里，我们报告了美国新出现的PEDV毒株的详细基因特征、起源和进化。这些结果为在美国制定有效的预防和控制PEDV策略提供了亟需的信息。
Coronaviruses are known to infect humans and other animals and cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. Here we report the emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in the United States and determination of its origin, evolution, and genotypes based on temporal and geographical evidence. Histological lesions in small intestine sections of affected pigs and the complete genomic sequences of three emergent strains of PEDV isolated from outbreaks in Minnesota and Iowa were characterized. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the three U.S. strains revealed a close relationship with Chinese PEDV strains and their likely Chinese origin. The U.S. PEDV strains underwent evolutionary divergence, which can be classified into two sublineages. The three emergent U.S. strains are most closely related to a strain isolated in 2012 from Anhui Province in China, which might be the result of multiple recombination events between different genetic lineages or sublineages of PEDV. Molecular clock analysis of the divergent time based on the complete genomic sequences is consistent with the actual time difference, approximately 2 to 3 years, of the PED outbreaks between China (December 2010) and the United States (May 2013). The finding that the emergent U.S. PEDV strains share unique genetic features at the 5′-untranslated region with a bat coronavirus provided further support of the evolutionary origin of PEDV from bats and potential cross-species transmission. The data from this study have important implications for understanding the ongoing PEDV outbreaks in the United States and will guide future efforts to develop effective preventive and control measures against PEDV. The sudden emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a coronavirus, for the first time in the United States causes significant economic and public health concerns. Since its recognition in May 2013, PEDV has rapidly spread across the United States, resulting in high mortality in piglets in more than 17 States now. The ongoing outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in humans from countries in or near the Arabian Peninsula and the historical deadly nature of the 2002 outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus create further anxiety over the emergence of PEDV in the United States due to the lack of scientific information about the origin and evolution of this emerging coronavirus. Here we report the detailed genetic characterization, origin, and evolution of emergent PEDV strains in the United States. The results provide much needed information to devise effective preventive and control strategies against PEDV in the United States.