Adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells - Multifaceted regulators of the CNS in health and disease.
Adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells - Multifaceted regulators of the CNS in health and disease.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2016.01.005
复制
发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gaultier A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez-Castaneda A;Gaultier A
少突胶质祖细胞（Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells，OPCs）是中枢神经系统（CNS）中经常被忽视的第四类胶质细胞，约占CNS的5%。长期以来，我们对OPC功能的认识仅限于成熟少突胶质细胞的产生。然而，新的研究强调了OPC的多面性。在稳态和病理条件下，OPCs是CNS中增殖性最强的细胞类型，这与产生新的少突胶质细胞的需要不一致。事实上，OPC调节神经元的活动，而OPC在大脑中的缺失可以引发抑郁样行为。更重要的是，OPCs被积极招募到损伤部位，在那里它们协调神经胶质瘢痕形成并促进免疫反应。以下是在健康和患病成人CNS的背景下，对关于OPC功能超出髓鞘形成的文献的综合分析。
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the often-overlooked fourth glial cell type in the central nervous system (CNS), comprising about 5% of the CNS. For a long time, our vision of OPC function was limited to the generation of mature oligodendrocytes. However, new studies have highlighted the multifaceted nature of the OPCs. During homeostatic and pathological conditions, OPCs are the most proliferative cell type in the CNS, a property not consistent with the need to generate new oligodendrocytes. Indeed, OPCs modulate neuronal activity and OPC depletion in the brain can trigger depressive-like behavior. More importantly, OPCs are actively recruited to injury sites, where they orchestrate glial scar formation and contribute to the immune response. The following is a comprehensive analysis of the literature on OPC function beyond myelination, in the context of the healthy and diseased adult CNS.