Development of human limb muscles based on whole-mount immunostaining and the links between ontogeny and evolution
Development of human limb muscles based on whole-mount immunostaining and the links between ontogeny and evolution
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.180349
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gitton, Yorick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diogo, Rui;Siomava, Natalia;Gitton, Yorick
我们提供了第一个详细的个体发育分析人类四肢肌肉使用整装免疫染色。我们将我们的观察结果与早期几项专注于这些肌肉发育的研究进行了比较，并与肢体进化，变异和病理学的数据进行了比较。我们的研究证实了几种返祖肌肉的短暂存在-存在于我们的祖先中，但通常不存在于成年人中-在正常的人类胚胎发育过程中，并揭示了以前未在人类胚胎中描述的其他肌肉的存在。这些返祖性肌肉在成人群体中被发现是罕见的变异，在人类先天畸形中被发现是异常的，这加强了这样的变异/异常可能与发育延迟或停滞有关的想法。我们进一步表明，有一个显着的差异，在上肢与下肢的肌肉外观的发展顺序，加强了这样的想法，即不同的远侧上肢与下肢肌肉的四足动物成年人之间的相似性可能是派生的。
We provide the first detailed ontogenetic analysis of human limb muscles using whole-mount immunostaining. We compare our observations with the few earlier studies that have focused on the development of these muscles, and with data available on limb evolution, variations and pathologies. Our study confirms the transient presence of several atavistic muscles - present in our ancestors but normally absent from the adult human - during normal embryonic human development, and reveals the existence of others not previously described in human embryos. These atavistic muscles are found both as rare variations in the adult population and as anomalies in human congenital malformations, reinforcing the idea that such variations/anomalies can be related to delayed or arrested development. We further show that there is a striking difference in the developmental order of muscle appearance in the upper versus lower limbs, reinforcing the idea that the similarity between various distal upper versus lower limb muscles of tetrapod adults may be derived.