Multifocal tDCS targeting the resting state motor network increases cortical excitability beyond traditional tDCS targeting unilateral motor cortex
Multifocal tDCS targeting the resting state motor network increases cortical excitability beyond traditional tDCS targeting unilateral motor cortex
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.060
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发表时间：
2017-08-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Fox, M. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, D. B.;Fried, P. J.;Fox, M. D.
科学家和临床医生传统上以单一大脑区域为目标，通过刺激来调节大脑功能和疾病。然而，大脑各区域并不是孤立地运作，而是通过网络与其他区域相互作用。因此，一个区域的刺激可能会影响其网络中的其他区域，并受到其他区域的影响。在这里，我们测试了脑刺激的效果是否可以通过同时瞄准一个区域及其网络来增强，并通过静息状态功能连接MRI识别。15名健康参与者接受了两种类型的经颅直流刺激（tDCS）：传统的双电极蒙太奇针对单个大脑区域（左初级运动皮层[M1]），而新型的八电极蒙太奇针对该区域及其相关的静息状态网络。作为对照，8名参与者也接受了与该网络不匹配的多焦点tDCS。与传统tDCS和多焦点控制相比，网络靶向tDCS随着时间的推移左M1兴奋性增加了一倍以上。建模研究表明，这些结果不太可能是由于tDCS对左M1本身的影响，但是不可能完全排除这种可能性。目前还不清楚针对某一神经网络的多焦点tDCS是否会选择性地调节该神经网络，以及神经网络中的哪个区域对观察到的效应负责。尽管存在这些限制，网络靶向tDCS似乎是一种有前途的方法，可以增强tDCS的效果，而不是传统的针对单一大脑区域的刺激。未来的工作需要测试这些结果是否延伸到其他静息状态网络并增强行为或治疗效果。
Scientists and clinicians have traditionally targeted single brain regions with stimulation to modulate brain function and disease. However, brain regions do not operate in isolation, but interact with other regions through networks. As such, stimulation of one region may impact and be impacted by other regions in its network. Here we test whether the effects of brain stimulation can be enhanced by simultaneously targeting a region and its network, identified with resting state functional connectivity MRI. Fifteen healthy participants received two types of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): a traditional two-electrode montage targeting a single brain region (left primary motor cortex [M1]) and a novel eight-electrode montage targeting this region and its associated resting state network. As a control, 8 participants also received multifocal tDCS mismatched to this network. Network-targeted tDCS more than doubled the increase in left M1 excitability over time compared to traditional tDCS and the multifocal control. Modeling studies suggest these results are unlikely to be due to tDCS effects on left M1 itself, however it is impossible to completely exclude this possibility. It also remains unclear whether multifocal tDCS targeting a network selectively modulates this network and which regions within the network are most responsible for observed effects. Despite these limitations, network-targeted tDCS appears to be a promising approach for enhancing tDCS effects beyond traditional stimulation targeting a single brain region. Future work is needed to test whether these results extend to other resting state networks and enhance behavioral or therapeutic effects.