Glucocorticoid actions on synapses, circuits, and behavior: implications for the energetics of stress.
Glucocorticoid actions on synapses, circuits, and behavior: implications for the energetics of stress.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.12.003
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发表时间：
2014-04
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Herman, James P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Myers, Brent;McKlveen, Jessica M.;Herman, James P.
关键词：
环境刺激信号对动态平衡的实际或潜在威胁导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质(HPA)轴分泌糖皮质激素。糖皮质激素促进能量重新分配，对生存和适应至关重要。这种适应需要多个系统的整合，并参与关键的边缘-神经内分泌回路。因此，糖皮质激素对突触生理学、应激反应的回路调节以及最终的行为都有深远的影响。虽然糖皮质激素启动了产生能量以应对的适应性过程，但长期或不适当的糖皮质激素分泌变得有害。对应激信息的不恰当处理可能会导致与环境需求不匹配的能量驱动，从而导致病理的风险因素。因此，HPA轴的失调可能会促进与应激相关的疾病(如抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍)。本文综述了中枢糖皮质激素对突触、神经内分泌和行为调节作用的最新研究进展。此外，这些发现将从压力的能量整合和糖皮质激素的特定环境调节的重要性方面进行讨论。
Environmental stimuli that signal real or potential threats to homeostasis lead to glucocorticoid secretion by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Glucocorticoids promote energy redistribution and are critical for survival and adaptation. This adaptation requires the integration of multiple systems and engages key limbic-neuroendocrine circuits. Consequently, glucocorticoids have profound effects on synaptic physiology, circuit regulation of stress responsiveness, and, ultimately, behavior. While glucocorticoids initiate adaptive processes that generate energy for coping, prolonged or inappropriate glucocorticoid secretion becomes deleterious. Inappropriate processing of stressful information may lead to energetic drive that does not match environmental demand, resulting in risk factors for pathology. Thus, dysregulation of the HPA axis may promote stress-related illnesses (e.g. depression, PTSD). This review summarizes the latest developments in central glucocorticoid actions on synaptic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral regulation. Additionally, these findings will be discussed in terms of the energetic integration of stress and the importance of context-specific regulation of glucocorticoids.
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