Genomics for drought resistance - getting down to earth
Genomics for drought resistance - getting down to earth
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DOI：
10.1071/fp14018
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Blum, Abraham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Blum, Abraham
对过去20年发表的520篇关于转基因和突变抗旱植物的报告进行的荟萃分析显示，总共至少有487种经过测试的转基因植物，涉及至少100种声称具有抗旱功能的基因。在此期间，报道的用于抗旱的新型实验性转基因模式植物或农作物的数量呈指数增长。尽管有这些数字，但可靠的信息来源表明，其对全球旱地农业的影响非常有限，而转基因（GM）市场几乎没有认可抗旱的转基因品种。本文讨论了基因组学对抗旱品种培育影响有限的可能原因，这些原因超出了监管、所有权或商业化问题。这些原因主要与干旱胁迫基因表达工作中的科学和方法问题以及用于鉴定抗旱性的功能基因组学方案有关。对用于抗旱的实验性转基因植物表型分析不足，往往无法就所发现基因的抗旱实际功能得出真实结论。讨论最后提出了一套最简测试方案的大纲，这可能有助于我们确定所发现基因的实际功能，从而使研究结果更贴合实际。
A meta-analysis of 520 reports published during the last 20 years on transgenic and mutant plants generated towards drought resistance revealed a total of at least 487 tested transgenic plants involving at least 100 genes claimed to be functional towards drought resistance. During this period, the rate of reported new experimental transgenic model or crop plants for drought resistance has been increasing exponentially. Despite these numbers, qualified sources of information indicate a very limited impact on global dryland agriculture, whereas the genetically modified (GM) market hardly recognises drought-resistant GM cultivars. This paper discusses possible reasons for the limited impact of genomics on the delivery of drought-resistant cultivars, which are beyond issues of regulation, propriety or commercialisation. These reasons are mainly tied to scientific and methodological problems in drought stress gene expression work and the functional genomics protocols used to identify drought resistance. Insufficient phenotyping of experimental transgenic plants for drought resistance often does not allow true conclusions about the real function of the discovered genes towards drought resistance. The discussion is concluded by proposing an outline of a minimal set of tests that might help us resolve the real function of discovered genes, thus bringing the research results down to earth.