The DACCIWA project: Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa
The DACCIWA project: Dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa
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DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-14-00108.1
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
P. Knippertz;H. Coe;J. C. Chiu;M. Evans;A. Fink;N. Kalthoff;C. Liousse;C. Mari;R. Allan;B. Brooks;S. Danour;C. Flamant;O. O. Jegede-O.;F. Lohou;J. Marsham
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文献类型：
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作者：
P. Knippertz;H. Coe;J. C. Chiu;M. Evans;A. Fink;N. Kalthoff;C. Liousse;C. Mari;R. Allan;B. Brooks;S. Danour;C. Flamant;O. O. Jegede-O.;F. Lohou;J. Marsham
大规模的经济和人口增长以及城市化预计将导致 2000 年至 2030 年间西非南部 (SWA) 的人为排放量增加两倍。然而，这对人类健康、生态系统、粮食安全和区域气候的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。综合评估具有挑战性，因为（a）区域效应与全球气候变化的叠加，（b）对西非季风变化的强烈依赖，（c）对排放、云、辐射、降水和区域环流之间相互作用的科学理解不完整，以及（d）缺乏观测。本文概述了 DACCIWA（西非动力学-气溶胶-化学-云相互作用）项目。 DACCIWA 将在 SWA 开展广泛的实地工作，收集高质量的观测结果，涵盖从地表自然和人为排放到对健康、生态系统和气候的影响的整个过程链。将所得基准数据集与广泛的建模活动相结合，将能够（a）评估相关的物理、化学和生物过程，（b）改进对太空气候和大气成分的监测，以及（c）开发能够代表云-气溶胶耦合相互作用的下一代天气和气候模型。后者最终将有助于减少气候预测的不确定性。 DACCIWA 与运营中心、国际项目、政策制定者和用户密切合作，积极指导西非的可持续未来规划。希望 DACCIWA 的一些科学发现和技术发展能够适用于其他季风地区。
Massive economic and population growth, and urbanization are expected to lead to a tripling of anthropogenic emissions in southern West Africa (SWA) between 2000 and 2030. However, the impacts of this on human health, ecosystems, food security, and the regional climate are largely unknown. An integrated assessment is challenging due to (a) a superposition of regional effects with global climate change, (b) a strong dependence on the variable West African monsoon, (c) incomplete scientific understanding of interactions between emissions, clouds, radiation, precipitation, and regional circulations, and (d) a lack of observations. This article provides an overview of the DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project. DACCIWA will conduct extensive fieldwork in SWA to collect high-quality observations, spanning the entire process chain from surface-based natural and anthropogenic emissions to impacts on health, ecosystems, and climate. Combining the resulting benchmark dataset with a wide range of modeling activities will allow (a) assessment of relevant physical, chemical, and biological processes, (b) improvement of the monitoring of climate and atmospheric composition from space, and (c) development of the next generation of weather and climate models capable of representing coupled cloud-aerosol interactions. The latter will ultimately contribute to reduce uncertainties in climate predictions. DACCIWA collaborates closely with operational centers, international programs, policy-makers, and users to actively guide sustainable future planning for West Africa. It is hoped that some of DACCIWA’s scientific findings and technical developments will be applicable to other monsoon regions.