Unexpected high polymorphism at the FABP4 gene unveils a complex history for pig populations
Unexpected high polymorphism at the FABP4 gene unveils a complex history for pig populations
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.106.063057
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Perez-Enciso, Miguel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ojeda, Ana;Rozas, Julio;Perez-Enciso, Miguel
脂肪酸 bing 蛋白 4 (FABP4) 在哺乳动物的脂肪调节中发挥着关键作用，是位于猪 4 号染色体上 FAT1 数量性状位点的强位置候选基因。对来自 10 个品种的 23 头猪和野猪的 FABP4 基因区域进行 DNA 重测序，发现 6.4 kb 内有 134 个变异，代表着 pi(S) = 0.01 的沉默核苷酸多样性，远高于报道的水平。远在家畜物种中。此外，这种多样性是高度结构化的。同样引人注目的是，FABP4 系统发育树没有显示任何地理或品种起源聚类，远缘品种具有相似的单倍型，一些最杂合的样本属于高度近交动物，如伊比利亚瓜德尔巴斯（近交系数类似于 0.3）或英国塔姆沃斯。相比之下，细胞色素 b (mtDNA) 系统发育树与地理起源一致。最分歧的伊比利亚或塔姆沃思单倍型的最近共同祖先的估计年龄比驯化要早得多。另外，对来自 8 个不同品种的 100 头猪以及来自西班牙、突尼斯、撒丁岛和日本的野猪进行了 7 个选定的单核苷酸多态性基因分型，结果表明猪 FABP4 的高变异性是规则而不是例外。猪种群，即使是高度近交系，也能在令人惊讶的长时间内保持高水平的变异性。
Fatty acid bing protein 4 (FABP4) plays a key role in fat regulation in rnammals and is a strong positional candidate gene for the FAT1 quantitative trait locus located on porcine chromosome 4. DNA resequencing of the FABP4 gene region in 23 pigs from 10 breeds and wild boar revealed 134 variants in 6.4 kb, representing a silent nucleotide diversity of pi(S) = 0.01, much higher than reported so far in animal domestic species. Moreover, this diversity was highly structured. Also strikingly, the FABP4 phylogenetic tree did not show any geographical or breed origin clustering, with distant breeds sharing similar haplotypes and some of the most heterozygous samples pertaining to highly inbred animals like Iberian Guadyerbas (inbreeding coefficient similar to 0.3) or British Tamworth. In contrast, the cytochrome b (mtDNA) phylogenetic tree was coherent with geographical origin. The estimated age of the most recent common ancestor for the most divergent Iberian or Tamworth haplotypes was much older than domestication. An additional panel of 100 pigs from 8 different breeds and wild boar from Spain, Tunisia, Sardinia, and Japan was genotyped for seven selected single nucleotide polymorphisms and shows that high variability at the porcine FABP4 is the rule rather than the exception. Pig populations, even highly inbred, can maintain high levels of variability for surprisingly long periods of time.