Regulation of IL-12 receptor expression in early T-helper responses implies two phases of Th1 differentiation: capacitance and development.
Regulation of IL-12 receptor expression in early T-helper responses implies two phases of Th1 differentiation: capacitance and development.
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早期 T 辅助反应中 IL-12 受体表达的调节意味着 Th1 分化的两个阶段：容量和发育。
DOI：
10.1159/000058694
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gubler,U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Murphy,KM;Murphy,TL;Szabo,SJ;Jacobson,NG;Guler,ML;Gorham,JD;Gubler,U
许多研究人员付出了大量努力来了解 Th1 和 Th2 发育的调节。大部分工作都集中在尝试定义特定信号，以确定哪些 CD4 T 细胞可以在初级抗原激活后发育。最后，T 细胞激活的众多参数似乎可以影响 Th1/Th2 表型发育的总体平衡结果。然而，显然，最近的研究已经定义了这些参数之间的层次结构，其中一些参数直接作用于 T 细胞水平，传递诱导 Th1 或 Th2 分化的最终信号，而其他参数则不太接近地作用于 APC 或其他先天免疫细胞，以改变某些细胞因子或共刺激物的水平。这些不同的参数包括用于 T 细胞启动的 APC [1]、用于 T 细胞激活的抗原剂量 [2–5]、抗原的结构，特别是对 MHC 和 TCR 的亲和力 [4, 6]、T 细胞启动期间存在的共刺激水平 [7–9]、细胞的遗传背景 [10, 11]、某些病原体衍生物质的存在或不存在以及 启动环境中存在的细胞因子[12-28]。改变这些参数中的任何一个都可以改变 Th1 和 Th2 发育之间的平衡。很明显，IL-
A great deal of effort by numerous investigators has gone into understanding the regulation of Th1 and Th2 development. Much of the effort has focused on trying to define the specific signals that determine which CD4 T cells may develop upon primary antigen activation. In the end, it appears that numerous parameters of T-cell activation can impact on the outcome of the overall balance of Th1/Th2 phenotype development. Clearly however, recent studies have defined a hierarchy among these parameters, with some acting directly at the level of the T cell to deliver the final signals inducing Th1 or Th2 differentiation, and others less proximal acting on APCs or other innate immune cells to modify levels of certain cytokines or costimulators. Among these various parameters are the APC used for T-cell priming [1], the dose of antigen used for T-cell activation [2–5], the structure of the antigen and particularly the affinity for the MHC and TCR [4, 6], the level of co-stimulation present during T-cell priming [7–9], the genetic background of the cells [10, 11], the presence or absence of certain pathogen-derived materials and the cytokines present in the priming milieu [12–28]. Changing any one of these parameters can alter the balance between Th1 and Th2 development. It is clear that IL-