An updatable and comprehensive global cargo maritime network and strategic seaborne cargo routing model for global containerized and bulk vessel flow estimation
An updatable and comprehensive global cargo maritime network and strategic seaborne cargo routing model for global containerized and bulk vessel flow estimation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.martra.2021.100038
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wenjie Li;Ralph Pundt;Elise Miller-Hooks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wenjie Li;Ralph Pundt;Elise Miller-Hooks
全球海运系统为全球供应链和国际贸易提供了物流业务的支柱。本文旨在开发一个统一的全球网络表示和战略，系统范围内的决策模型，战略货物路由模型，结合班轮和散货航运市场，以估计现实世界的交通流量和研究交通模式在全球范围内。具体而言，从托运人的角度来看，集装箱和散装运输是在一个混合整数线性规划，包括入境，出境和转运货物流在港口联合建模。提出了一种迭代方法，结合启发式梯度下降和松弛和修复分解方法的校准和解决方案的战略货物路由模型在一个拟议的联合班轮和散装服务的全球货运网络表示。全球货运网络包括161个海港，覆盖52个国家。它是从可更新的、公开可用的数据源创建的，并且网络表示所需的所有数据都是可用的。充分的网络细节，以及数据源和提取所需输入的方法，允许其他人使用和更新网络。利用已开发的海事网络、数学模型和校准解决方案，估计了2018年全球海上交通流量模式。结果发现，这些估计值与现实世界平均港口年吞吐量的总体拟合度为91%。该战略模型为评估未来、现实世界和全球范围内的变化提供了支持，例如海运贸易需求增加、新航线、航运基础设施扩张和运输政策。
The global maritime system provides the backbone of logistics operations for global supply chains and international trade. This paper aims to develop a unifying global network representation and strategic, system-wide decision model, the Strategic Cargo Routing Model, incorporating both liner and bulk shipping markets to estimate real-world traffic flows and study traffic patterns at the global scale. Specifically, taking a shipper's perspective, containerized and bulk movements are jointly modelled within a mixed-integer linear program that includes inbound, outbound, and transshipment cargo flows at ports. An iterative approach that combines heuristic Gradient Descent and Relax-and-Fix Decomposition methods is proposed for the calibration and solution of the Strategic Cargo Routing Model over a proposed joint liner and bulk services Global Cargo Shipping Network representation. The Global Cargo Shipping Network contains 161 seaports covering 52 countries. It is created from updatable, publicly available, data sources, and all data needed for the network representation are made available. Sufficient network details, as well as data sources and methods for extracting needed inputs, are given to allow others to use and update the network. Using the developed maritime network, mathematical model and calibration-solution methodology, 2018 global maritime traffic flow patterns were estimated. The estimates were found to achieve a 91% fit overall to real-world average annual port throughputs. This strategic model provides support to evaluate future, real-world, worldwide changes, such as increased seaborne trade demand, new routes, shipping infrastructure expansion, and transport policies.