Biofilm formation of mucosa-associated methanoarchaeal strains
Biofilm formation of mucosa-associated methanoarchaeal strains
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00353
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发表时间：
2014-07-08
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Schmitz, Ruth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bang, Corinna;Ehlers, Claudia;Schmitz, Ruth A.
虽然在自然界中，大多数微生物是已知的，主要发生在聚生体或生物膜，古生物生物膜形成的数据一般是稀缺的。在这里，三个甲烷古菌菌株，甲烷短杆菌smithii和甲烷球菌stadtmanae，形成人类肠道微生物群的一部分，和甲烷八叠球菌菌株Go1在不同的表面上生长和形成生物膜的能力进行了研究。所有三种菌株粘附到基板云母和生长主要作为双层在其表面上的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜分析所示，虽然形成的多层生物膜的甲烷球腔菌stadtmanae和甲烷短杆菌史氏也被观察到。通过扫描电子显微镜分析进一步证实了稳定的生物膜形成。马氏甲烷八叠球菌和史氏甲烷短杆菌也在未涂覆的塑料皿（TM）中形成多层生物膜，其在形态上非常相似，并且达到高达40 μ m的高度。相比之下，甲烷球腔菌形成的生物膜仅达到2 μ m的高度。用两种凝集素ConA和IB4染色表明，所有三种菌株产生的胞外多糖量相对较低，最有可能含有葡萄糖、甘露糖和半乳糖。总之，这项研究提供了第一个证据表明，甲烷古菌可以在不同的基质上发育和形成生物膜，因此，将有助于我们了解甲烷短杆菌和甲烷球菌在人类肠道中的外观和生理作用。
Although in nature most microorganisms are known to occur predominantly in consortia or biofilms, data on archaeal biofilm formation are in general scarce. Here, the ability of three methanoarchaeal strains, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae, which form part of the human gut microbiota, and the Methanosarcina mazei strain Go1 to grow on different surfaces and form biofilms was investigated. All three strains adhered to the substrate mica and grew predominantly as bilayers on its surface as demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses, though the formation of multi-layered biofilms of Methanosphaera stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter smithii was observed as well. Stable biofilm formation was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Methanosarcina mazei and Methanobrevibacter smithii also formed multi-layered biofilms in uncoated plastic mu-dishes (TM), which were very similar in morphology and reached a height of up to 40 mu m. In contrast, biofilms formed by Methanosphaera stadtmanae reached only a height of 2 mu m. Staining with the two lectins ConA and IB4 indicated that all three strains produced relatively low amounts of extracellular polysaccharides most likely containing glucose, mannose, and galactose. Taken together, this study provides the first evidence that methanoarchaea can develop and form biofilms on different substrates and thus, will contribute to our knowledge on the appearance and physiological role of Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae in the human intestine.