Particulate matter concentration and composition in the New York City subway system.
Particulate matter concentration and composition in the New York City subway system.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apr.2023.101767
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Shamsuddin M Azad;David G. Luglio;T. Gordon;G. Thurston;M. Ghandehari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shamsuddin M Azad;David G. Luglio;T. Gordon;G. Thurston;M. Ghandehari
在这项研究中，我们调查了纽约市地铁系统中颗粒物（PM2.5）的浓度和组成。在9条地铁线路300公里的车厢内以及287个地铁站的333个站台上，以1秒的节奏进行了实时测量和重力测量。地下平台pm2.5浓度平均值（±SD）为142±69 μg/m3，地上站点为29±20 μg/m3。通过地下隧道和站台的车厢内平均浓度为88±14 μg/m3，地上轨道的车厢内平均浓度为29±31 μg/m3。利用x射线荧光（XRF）对过滤后的样品进行颗粒成分分析，发现铁约占站台上pm2.5总质量的43%，比室外环境铁浓度高出约126倍。其他微量元素包括硅、硫、铜、镍、铝、钙、钡和锰。考虑到铁含量非常高，将测量浓度与美国环境保护署（EPA）设定的标准进行比较分析是不合适的，因为这些限制主要是基于化石燃料燃烧产生的颗粒物。需要对吸入铁基颗粒的健康影响进行分析，以便将本文提出的结果联系起来。
In this study we investigated the concentration and composition of particulate matter (PM2.5) in the New York City subway system. Realtime measurements, at a 1-s cadence, and gravimetric measurements were performed inside train cars along 300 km of nine subway lines, as well as on 333 platforms on 287 subway stations. The mean (±SD) PM2.5concentration on the underground platforms was 142 ± 69 μg/m3versus 29 ± 20 μg/m3for aboveground stations. The average concentrations inside train cars were 88 ± 14 μg/m3when traveling through underground tunnels and platforms and 29 ± 31 μg/m3while on aboveground tracks. The particle composition analysis of filtered samples was done using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), revealing that iron made up approximately 43% of the total PM2.5mass on station platforms, approximately 126 times higher than the outdoor ambient iron concentration. Other trace elements include silicon, sulfur, copper, nickel, aluminum, calcium, barium, and manganese. Considering the very high iron content, the comparative analysis of the measured concentration versus the standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) is not appropriate since those limits are largely based on particulate matter from fossil fuel combustion. Health impact analysis of inhalation of iron-based particles is needed to contextualize the results presented here.