The Biogeographic South-North Divide of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae Tribe Polygonateae) within Eastern Asia and Its Recent Dispersals in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Biogeographic South-North Divide of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae Tribe Polygonateae) within Eastern Asia and Its Recent Dispersals in the Northern Hemisphere.
复制标题
东亚黄精（天门冬科蓼科）的生物地理南北分界线及其在北半球的近期扩散
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0166134
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Meng Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang JJ;Yang YP;Sun H;Wen J;Deng T;Nie ZL;Meng Y
东亚是北方半球有花植物多样性的重要地区，但很少有研究将东亚与其他北方大陆的有花植物地理历史联系起来。黄精属（Polygonatum）是北方半球分布最广的药用植物属，其物种丰富度是研究该地区植物地理格局演化的典范。利用核内ITS序列和4个质体序列（rbcL、matK、psbA-trnH和trnC-petN）对30种黄精属植物和35个外群分类单元进行了聚类分析。利用贝叶斯-拉格朗日法推断黄精属植物的祖先分布区和随后的扩散路线。黄精属起源于中新世中期（14.34-13.57 Ma）的东亚南部，中新世晚期由南向北扩展。在东亚与欧洲或北美之间存在多个陆间扩散事件，这些事件都发生在中新世晚期至上新世。黄精属在中新世晚期分为南北两个支系及其随后的分化支持了东亚北方和南方的地理分界线的存在，这也与新近纪东亚干旱带的退缩和再发展相吻合。我们的研究结果表明，黄精属植物在北方半球的地理历史的复杂性，包括早期的异地迁移，其次是频繁和最近的扩散在新近纪。
Eastern Asia (EA) is a key region for the diversification of flowering plants in the Northern Hemisphere, but few studies have focused on the biogeographic history within EA in the context of the other northern continents. Polygonatum is an important medicinal genus widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere with its highest species richness in EA, and it represents an excellent model for studying the evolution of biogeographic patterns in this region. Divergence time estimation was used to examine the biogeographic history of Polygonatum based on nuclear ITS and four plastid sequences (rbcL, matK, psbA–trnH and trnC–petN) from 30 Polygonatum species and 35 outgroup taxa. The ancestral area of Polygonatum and subsequent dispersal routes were inferred using Bayes-Lagrange. Polygonatum was estimated to have originated in southern EA during the middle Miocene (14.34–13.57 Ma) with subsequent south-to-north expansion in the late Miocene. Multiple intercontinental dispersal events were inferred between EA and Europe or North America, and all of them have occurred recently in the late Miocene to Pliocene. The separation of Polygonatum into the south and north lineages and their subsequent diversifications in the late Miocene supports the existence of a biogeographic divide between the northern and southern parts of EA that also coincides with the retreat and redevelopment of the arid zone in EA in the Neogene. Our results demonstrate the complexity of biogeographic history of Polygonatum in the Northern Hemisphere including early vicariance followed by frequent and recent dispersals in the Neogene.