Brain insulin lowers circulating BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism.

Brain insulin lowers circulating BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cmet.2014.09.003
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发表时间:
2014-11-04
期刊:
影响因子:
29
通讯作者:
Buettner C
Buettner C
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shin AC;Fasshauer M;Filatova N;Grundell LA;Zielinski E;Zhou JY;Scherer T;Lindtner C;White PJ;Lapworth AL;Ilkayeva O;Knippschild U;Wolf AM;Scheja L;Grove KL;Smith RD;Qian WJ;Lynch CJ;Newgard CB;Buettner C

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循环支链氨基酸(BCAA)水平在肥胖/糖尿病中升高,是2型糖尿病的敏感预测因子。在大鼠实验中,我们发现胰岛素剂量依赖性地通过诱导肝脏蛋白表达和支链α酮酸脱氢酶(BCKDH)的活性来降低血浆BCAA水平,BCKDH是BCAA降解途径中的限制性酶。大鼠下丘脑胰岛素信号的选择性诱导和小鼠脑胰岛素受体的遗传调节表明,脑胰岛素信号是通过诱导肝脏BCKDH来调节BCAA代谢的主要调节因子。短期过量喂养会损害大鼠脑胰岛素降低支链氨基酸的能力。非人类灵长类动物的高脂肪喂养和人类的肥胖和/或糖尿病与肝脏中BCKDH蛋白的减少有关。这些发现支持了肝脏BCKDH降低是血浆BCAAs升高的主要原因的概念,下丘脑胰岛素抵抗可能是肥胖和糖尿病患者BCAA代谢受损的原因。
Circulating branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels are elevated in obesity/diabetes and are a sensitive predictor for type 2 diabetes. Here we show in rats that insulin dose-dependently lowers plasma BCAA levels through induction of hepatic protein expression and activity of branched-chain α keto-acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the BCAA degradation pathway. Selective induction of hypothalamic insulin signaling in rats and genetic modulation of brain insulin receptors in mice demonstrate that brain insulin signaling is a major regulator of BCAA metabolism by inducing hepatic BCKDH. Short-term overfeeding impairs the ability of brain insulin to lower BCAAs in rats. High-fat feeding in non-human primates and obesity and/or diabetes in humans is associated with reduced BCKDH protein in liver. These findings support the concept that decreased hepatic BCKDH is a major cause of increased plasma BCAAs, and that hypothalamic insulin resistance may account for impaired BCAA metabolism in obesity and diabetes.
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