A COCHLEAR FREQUENCY-POSITION FUNCTION FOR SEVERAL SPECIES - 29 YEARS LATER
A COCHLEAR FREQUENCY-POSITION FUNCTION FOR SEVERAL SPECIES - 29 YEARS LATER
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DOI：
10.1121/1.399052
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
GREENWOOD, DD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GREENWOOD, DD
基于生理数据的准确耳蜗频率位置函数将有助于解释物种内和物种间的生理和心理声学数据。这样的函数可能有助于开发耳蜗模型，并且耳蜗坐标可以提供语音和其他声学信号的潜在有用的频谱变换。1961年，通过对拟合到频率分辨率-积分估计（临界带宽）的子集的指数函数进行积分，开发了准指数函数（Greenwood，1961 b，1974）。由此产生的频率-位置函数被发现与人尸体耳朵上的耳蜗观察结果非常吻合，并且随着常数的变化，大象，牛，豚鼠，大鼠，小鼠和鸡的耳蜗观察结果（Bekesy，1960）以及猫的体内（行为解剖学）数据（Schucknecht，1953）。自1961年以来，新的力学和其他生理数据出现在人类，猫，豚鼠，栗鼠，猴子和沙鼠。这里表明，人尸体耳和活体动物标本的最新扩展数据与相同的基本函数非常吻合。该函数本质上仅需要单个参数的经验调整来设置频率上限，而如果耳蜗分区长度被归一化为1，则“斜率”参数可以保持恒定，或者如果距离以物理单位指定，则“斜率”参数可以缩放。在死耳和活耳中以及跨物种的斜率和形状的恒定性增加了拟合人尸体数据的函数也可以适用于活人耳的概率。这种前景增加了函数在绘制听觉数据和与语音和其他生物声学信号有关的建模中的价值，因为它很好地拟合了可用的生理数据，并且因此（如果这些数据是正确的）保持独立于心理声学数据和假设，并且是检查心理声学数据和假设的适当手段。
Accurate cochlear-frequency-position functions based on physiological data would facilitate the interpretation of physiological and psychoacoustic data within and across species. Such functions might aid in developing cochlear models, and cochlear coordinates could provide potentially useful spectral transforms of speech and other acoustic signals. In 1961, an almost-exponential function was developed (Greenwood, 1961b, 1974) by integrating an exponential function fitted to a subset of frequency resolution-integration estimates (critical bandwidths). The resulting frequency-position function was found to fit cochlear observations on human cadavers ears quite well and, with changes of constants, those on elephant, cow, guinea pig, rat, mouse, and chicken (Bekesy, 1960), as well as in vivo (behavioral-anatomical) data on cats (Schucknecht, 1953). Since 1961, new mechanical and other physiological data have appeared on the human, cat, guinea pig, chinchilla, monkey, and gerbil. It is shown here that the newer extended data on human cadaver ears and from living animal preparations are quite well fit by the same basic function. The function essentially requires only empirical adjustment of a single parameter to set an upper frequency limit, while a "slope" parameter can be left constant if cochlear partition length is normalized to 1 or scaled if distance is specified in physical units. Constancy of slope and form in dead and living ears and across species increases the probability that the function fitting human cadaver data may apply as well to the living human ear. This prospect increases the function''s value in plotting auditory data and in modeling concerned with speech and other bioacoustic signals, since it fits the available physiological data well and, consequently (if those data are correct), remains independent of, and an appropriate means to examine, psychoacoustic data and assumptions.