Edge integration in achromatic color perception and the lightness-darkness asymmetry
Edge integration in achromatic color perception and the lightness-darkness asymmetry
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DOI：
10.1167/13.14.18
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Rudd, Michael E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rudd, Michael E.
为了保持颜色恒定性，人类视觉系统必须将波长和亮度的基于表面反射的变化与由于照明引起的变化区分开。边缘积分理论提出，这是通过空间积分步骤的亮度和颜色对比度，可能导致反射率的变化。因此，在视觉场景内的相对反射率的神经表示被构造。一个锚定规则-神经表征中的最大反射率出现白色-然后应用于将相对亮度映射到绝对亮度尺度上。一个大的身体上的人类亮度判断的数据在这里被证明是一致的边缘集成模型，其中视觉系统执行跨空间的对数亮度的步骤的加权和。提出了三个假设，关于权重如何应用于边缘。首先，权重随着与正在计算其亮度的目标表面的距离而下降。第二，较大的权重被赋予其暗边指向目标的边缘。第三，沿沿着从公共背景场或环绕物通向目标位置的路径执行边缘整合。该理论占同时对比度;定量亮度判断与经典的盘环，吉尔克里斯特圆顶，Gelb显示器;和知觉填充亮度。提出了视觉皮层腹侧流（V1 -> V4区）中亮度的皮层理论来实例化边缘集成算法。的神经模型被证明是能够统一的定量法律的边缘集成在亮度感知与法律管理的亮度，包括史蒂文斯的幂律亮度模型，并作出新的预测有关的定量法律诱导黑暗。
To maintain color constancy, the human visual system must distinguish surface reflectance-based variations in wavelength and luminance from variations due to illumination. Edge integration theory proposes that this is accomplished by spatially integrating steps in luminance and color contrast that likely result from reflectance changes. Thus, a neural representation of relative reflectance within the visual scene is constructed. An anchoring rule-the largest reflectance in the neural representation appears white-is then applied to map relative lightness onto an absolute lightness scale. A large body of data on human lightness judgments is here shown to be consistent with an edge integration model in which the visual system performs a weighted sum of steps in log luminance across space. Three hypotheses are proposed regarding how weights are applied to edges. First, weights decline with distance from the target surface whose lightness is being computed. Second, larger weights are given to edges whose dark sides point towards the target. Third, edge integration is carried out along a path leading from a common background field, or surround, to the target location. The theory accounts for simultaneous contrast; quantitative lightness judgments made with classical disk-annulus, Gilchrist dome, and Gelb displays; and perceptual filling-in lightness. A cortical theory of lightness in the ventral stream of visual cortex (areas V1 -> V4) is proposed to instantiate the edge integration algorithm. The neural model is shown to be capable of unifying the quantitative laws of edge integration in lightness perception with the laws governing brightness, including Stevens' power law brightness model, and makes novel predictions about the quantitative laws governing induced darkness.