Cold-related cardiorespiratory symptoms among subjects with and without hypertension: the National FINRISK Study 2002
Cold-related cardiorespiratory symptoms among subjects with and without hypertension: the National FINRISK Study 2002
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckt078
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Jaakkola, Jouni J. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ikaheimo, Tiina M.;Lehtinen, Taru;Jaakkola, Jouni J. K.
背景：暴露于寒冷天气会增加血压（BP），并可能加重症状并影响诊断为高血压的受试者的预后。我们检验了这样的假设：单独患有高血压或合并另一种心血管疾病 (CVD) 的受试者比没有高血压的人更容易出现与寒冷相关的心肺症状。该信息与正确治疗相关，并可作为预测冬季发病率和死亡率的指标。方法：从 2002 年 FINRISK 研究人群中 6591 名 25-74 岁的男性和女性中获取了一份自填问卷，询问感冒相关症状。血压的测量与临床检查相关。对患有（n = 395）或不患有（n = 764）另一种CVD的诊断高血压疾病受试者、未经治疗的诊断高血压受试者（n = 1308）、测量高血压（n = 1070）和血压正常的参考组（n = 2728）之间的症状患病率进行比较。结果：高血压与其他 CVD 合并使用时，与感冒相关的呼吸困难增加（男性：调整后比值比 3.94，95% 置信区间 2.57-6.02）/女性：4.41，2.84-6.86）、咳嗽（2.64、1.62-4.32/4.26、2.60-6.99）、喘息（2.51、1.42-4.43/；3.73、2.08-6.69）、粘液排泄（1.90、1.24-2.91/2.53、1.54-4.16）、胸痛（22.5、9.81-51.7/17.7、8.37-37.5）和心律失常(43.4, 8.91-211/8.99, 3.99-20.2)，与参考组相比。诊断出的已治疗高血压和未治疗高血压并测量的高血压都会导致寒冷季节心肺症状加重。结论：单独的高血压以及与其他心血管疾病一起出现的高血压与寒冷相关的心肺症状密切相关。由于这些症状可能预示着不良健康事件，因此高血压患者需要定制护理以及如何应对寒冷天气的建议。
Background: Exposure to cold weather increases blood pressure (BP) and may aggravate the symptoms and influence the prognosis of subjects with a diagnosis of hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that subjects with hypertension alone or in combination with another cardiovascular disease (CVD) experience cold-related cardiorespiratory symptoms more commonly than persons without hypertension. This information is relevant for proper treatment and could serve as an indicator for predicting wintertime morbidity and mortality. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire inquiring of cold-related symptoms was obtained from 6591 men and women aged 25-74 yrs of the FINRISK Study 2002 population. BP was measured in association with clinical examinations. Symptom prevalence was compared between subjects with diagnosed hypertensive disease with (n = 395) or without (n = 764) another CVD, untreated diagnosed hypertension (n = 1308), measured high BP (n = 1070) and a reference group (n = 2728) with normal BP. Results: Hypertension in combination with another CVD was associated with increased cold-related dyspnoea (men: adjusted odds ratio 3.94, 95% confidence interval 2.57-6.02)/women: 4.41, 2.84-6.86), cough (2.64, 1.62-4.32/4.26, 2.60-6.99), wheezing (2.51, 1.42-4.43/;3.73, 2.08-6.69), mucus excretion (1.90, 1.24-2.91/2.53, 1.54-4.16), chest pain (22.5, 9.81-51.7/17.7, 8.37-37.5) and arrhythmias (43.4, 8.91-211/8.99, 3.99-20.2), compared with the reference group. Both diagnosed treated hypertension and untreated hypertension and measured high BP resulted in increased cardiorespiratory symptoms during the cold season. Conclusion: Hypertension alone and together with another CVD is strongly associated with cold-related cardiorespiratory symptoms. As these symptoms may predict adverse health events, hypertensive patients need customized care and advice on how to cope with cold weather.