Visual imagery can impede reasoning
Visual imagery can impede reasoning
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03194937
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Johnson-Laird, PN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knauff, M;Johnson-Laird, PN
虽然人们很自然地认为视觉心理意象在人类演绎推理中很重要，但证据是模棱两可的。本文认为，推理研究没有区分可视化的容易性和容易构建空间模型。评级研究表明，这些因素可以分开。他们的结果产生了四种关系：（1）视觉和空间上容易设想的视觉空间关系，（2）视觉上容易设想但空间上难以设想的视觉关系，（3）视觉上难以设想但空间上容易设想的空间关系，以及（4）视觉和空间上难以设想的控制关系。三个实验表明，视觉关系减慢的推理过程相比，控制关系，而visuospatial和空间关系产生的推论与控制关系。我们的结论是，不相关的视觉细节可能是一个麻烦的推理，并可能阻碍这一进程。
Although it is natural to suppose that visual mental imagery is important in human deductive reasoning, the evidence is equivocal. This article argues that reasoning studies have not distinguished between ease of visualization and ease of constructing spatial models. Rating studies show that these factors can be separated. Their results yielded four sorts of relations: (1) visuospatial relations that are easy to envisage visually and spatially, (2) visual relations that are easy to envisage visually but hard to envisage spatially, (3) spatial relations that are hard to envisage visually but easy to envisage spatially, and (4) control relations that are hard to envisage both visually and spatially. Three experiments showed that visual relations slow down the process of reasoning in comparison with control relations, whereas visuospatial and spatial relations yield inferences comparable with those of control relations. We conclude that irrelevant visual detail can be a nuisance in reasoning and can impede the process.