Transcriptional profiling identifies the early responses to Puccinia triticina infection in the adult plant leaf rust resistant wheat variety Toropi
Transcriptional profiling identifies the early responses to Puccinia triticina infection in the adult plant leaf rust resistant wheat variety Toropi
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/ppa.13865
复制
发表时间：
2024-01-25
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Boyd，Lesley A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casassola，Alice;Ereful，Nelzo C.;Boyd，Lesley A.
叶锈病是由小麦柄锈菌（Pt）引起的，是小麦的主要病害，也是巴西小麦生产的一个重大问题。 1965 年推出的巴西品种 Toropi 在全球各地都保持了高水平的田间成年植物对叶锈病的抗性 (APR)，而微观研究表明了吸食前的抗性机制。对 Pt 感染早期阶段 Toropi 旗叶的基因表达进行分析，以探讨 Toropi APR 背后的机制。通过比较 Pt 与模拟接种以及 Pt 与 Pt 接种时间点，对小麦基因进行差异表达。基因表达分析表明对 Pt 的强烈反应，在接种后 6 小时 (hai) 完全活跃。下调的基因多于上调的基因，特别是在 6 公顷和 12 公顷的时候。基因本体富集分析表明 RNA 和蛋白质合成的关闭以及对光合作用的早期影响，同时破坏了电子传递链。对上调基因的分析确定了 6 hai 参与 ATP 结合和蛋白激酶活性的基因，支持对 Pt 感染的快速代谢反应。参与运输和代谢的基因普遍上调表明需要重新定位蛋白质和有机资源。将差异表达基因与 Toropi 中定义的四个叶锈病 APR 数量性状位点 (QTL) 的基因组区域进行比对，确定了候选抗性基因，包括糖转运蛋白、受体激酶和七跨膜 MLO 家族蛋白。此外，还鉴定了 60 个 Pt 基因，其中 11 个被注释为潜在的效应蛋白。
Leaf rust, caused byPuccinia triticina(Pt), is a major disease of wheat and a significant problem for wheat production in Brazil. The Brazilian variety Toropi, released in 1965, has maintained high levels of field, adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust across global locations, while microscopic studies have indicated prehaustorial resistance mechanisms. Analyses of gene expression in flag leaves of Toropi, during the early stages of Pt infection, were undertaken to explore the mechanisms behind the APR in Toropi. Differential expression of wheat genes was undertaken, comparing Pt‐ to mock‐inoculated and Pt‐ to Pt‐inoculated time points. Analysis of gene expression indicated a strong response to Pt, which was fully active by 6 h after inoculation (hai). More genes were downregulated than upregulated, particularly at 6 and 12 hai. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis indicated a shutting down of RNA and protein synthesis and an early effect on photosynthesis, with disruption of the electron transfer chain. Analyses of upregulated genes identified genes involved in ATP‐binding and protein kinase activity at 6 hai, supporting a rapid metabolic response to Pt infection. A general upregulation of genes involved in transport and metabolism indicated the need to relocate protein and organic‐based resources. Alignment of differentially expressed genes with the genomic regions defining four leaf rust APR quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in Toropi identified candidate resistance genes, including a sugar transporter, a receptor kinase and a seven‐transmembrane MLO family protein. In addition, 60 Pt genes were identified, 11 being annotated as potential effector proteins.