Coronavirus: Why Men are More Vulnerable to Covid-19 Than Women?
Coronavirus: Why Men are More Vulnerable to Covid-19 Than Women?
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DOI：
10.1007/s42399-020-00341-w
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bwire, George M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bwire, George M
在冠状病毒病2019年(新冠肺炎)大流行期间，最初的重点是老年人或那些先前存在的健康状况，如肥胖、高血压和糖尿病，他们是感染新冠肺炎和/或死亡的高风险人群。但现在越来越清楚的是，男性身份也是一个因素。在世界不同地区报告的流行病学调查结果表明，男性的发病率和死亡率高于女性。虽然确定性别差异出现的原因还为时过早，但本文指出了几个可能的因素，如男性血管紧张素转换酶-2(ACE 2；冠状病毒受体)的表达高于女性，性激素和X染色体导致的性别免疫差异。此外，死亡人数的这种差异在很大程度上是由性别行为(生活方式)造成的，即男性吸烟和饮酒的水平高于女性。最后，研究报告称，女性对新冠肺炎疫情的态度比男性更负责任。男性中不负责任的态度可逆地影响了他们采取预防措施，如经常洗手、戴口罩和留在家里。
Amid of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, much emphasis was initially placed on the elderly or those who have preexisting health conditions such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes as being at high risk of contracting and/or dying of Covid-19. But it is now becoming clear that being male is also a factor. The epidemiological findings reported across different parts of the world indicated higher morbidity and mortality in males than females. While it is still too early to determine why the gender gap is emerging, this article point to several possible factors such as higher expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE 2; receptors for coronavirus) in male than female, sex-based immunological differences driven by sex hormone and X chromosome. Furthermore, a large part of this difference in number of deaths is caused by gender behavior (lifestyle), i.e., higher levels of smoking and drinking among men compared to women. Lastly, studies reported that women had more responsible attitude toward the Covid-19 pandemic than men. Irresponsible attitude among men reversibly affect their undertaking of preventive measures such as frequent handwashing, wearing of face mask, and stay at home orders.