Barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals.
Barriers to healthcare for transgender individuals.
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DOI：
10.1097/med.0000000000000227
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发表时间：
2016-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sevelius J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Safer JD;Coleman E;Feldman J;Garofalo R;Hembree W;Radix A;Sevelius J
变性人的健康差距很大，可能需要医疗干预作为其护理的一部分。这份手稿的目的是简要回顾描述变性人保健障碍的文献，并提出研究重点，以了解这些障碍的机制和克服这些障碍的干预措施。目前的研究强调了性少数群体对障碍的自我报告，而不是使用直接的方法。变性人报告的医疗保健的最大障碍是由于缺乏对这一主题有足够知识的提供者而缺乏机会。其他障碍包括：财政障碍、歧视、提供者缺乏文化能力、卫生系统障碍和社会经济障碍。国家研究的优先事项应包括严格确定美国卫生保健系统为变性人提供适当护理的能力。研究应确定医务人员在跨性别医疗保健方面的各种医疗培训的知识和偏见；是否有足够的提供者提供所需的护理；较大的社会结构性障碍以及支付适当护理费用的框架的地位。此外，研究还应提出和验证潜在的解决方案，以弥补已查明的差距。
Transgender persons suffer significant health disparities and may require medical intervention as part of their care. The purpose of this manuscript is to briefly review the literature characterizing barriers to health care for transgender individuals and to propose research priorities to understand mechanisms of those barriers and interventions to overcome them. Current research emphasizes sexual minorities’ self report of barriers, rather than using direct methods. The biggest barrier to health care reported by transgender individuals is lack of access due to lack of providers who are sufficiently knowledgeable on the topic. Other barriers include: financial barriers, discrimination, lack of cultural competence by providers, health systems barriers and socioeconomic barriers. National research priorities should include rigorous determination of the capacity of the United States health care system to provide adequate care for transgender individuals. Studies should determine knowledge and biases of the medical work force across the spectrum of medical training with regard to transgender medical care; adequacy of sufficient providers for the care required, larger social structural barriers and status of a framework to pay for appropriate care. As well, studies should propose and validate potential solutions to address identified gaps.