Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment
Bulk parameterization of air-sea fluxes for Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment
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DOI：
10.1029/95jc03205
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发表时间：
1996-02-15
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Young, GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fairall, CW;Bradley, EF;Young, GS
本文介绍了各种物理过程相关的近地表大气和海洋的体积变量;它们之间的关系的表面通量的动量，感热和潜热;和它们的表达在一个散装通量算法。该算法遵循标准的Monin-Obukhov相似性方法进行近地表气象测量，但包括单独的模型，海洋的冷皮肤和昼夜温暖层，这是用来获得真正的皮肤温度从在表面附近的一些深度测量的整体温度。基本结构是Liu-Katsaros-Businger [Liu et at，1979]方法的衍生物，经过修改包括不同的粗糙度/应力关系的说明，阵风速度来解释由边界层尺度变化引起的附加通量，廓线函数服从对流极限。此外，我们还考虑了降水携带的感热的贡献和净干物质通量为零的要求（所谓的Webb校正[Webb et at，1980]）。该算法已经调整，以适应在海洋-大气耦合响应实验期间在三个不同的巡航航段对R/V Moana波进行的测量。这些测量结果产生了1622个50分钟的平均通量和散装变量的风速范围从0.5到10米秒（-1）。分析给出了Charnock [1955]常数（β = 0.011）和阵风参数（β = 1.25）的统计可靠值。潜热通量的总体平均值为1.11 × 10（-3），随着风速的增加略有下降。感热通量和潜热通量的平均值分别为9.1和103.5 W m（-2）;韦伯热通量和雨热通量的平均值分别为2.5和4.5 W m（-2）。考虑到所有因素，向海洋的净表面热传递为17.9 +/- 10 W m（-2）。
This paper describes the various physical processes relating near-surface atmospheric and oceanographic bulk variables; their relationship to the surface fluxes of momentum, sensible heat, and latent heat; and their expression in a bulk flux algorithm. The algorithm follows the standard Monin-Obukhov similarity approach for near-surface meteorological measurements but includes separate models for the ocean's cool skin and the diurnal warm layer, which are used to derive true skin temperature from the bulk temperature measured at some depth near the surface. The basic structure is an outgrowth of the Liu-Katsaros-Businger [Liu et at, 1979] method, with modifications to include a different specification of the roughness/stress relationship, a gustiness velocity to account for the additional flux induced by boundary layer scale variability, and profile functions obeying the convective limit. Additionally, we have considered the contributions of the sensible heat carried by precipitation and the requirement that the net dry mass flux be zero (the so-called Webb correction [Webb et at, 1980]). The algorithm has been tuned to fit measurements made on the R/V Moana Wave in the three different cruise legs made during the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment. These measurements yielded 1622 fifty-min averages of fluxes and bulk variables in the wind speed range from 0.5 to 10 m s(-1). The analysis gives statistically reliable values for the Charnock [1955] constant (beta = 0.011) and the gustiness parameter (beta = 1.25). An overall mean value for the latent heat flux, neutral bulk-transfer coefficient was 1.11 x 10(-3), declining slightly with increasing wind speed. Mean values for the sensible and latent heat fluxes were 9.1 and 103.5 W m(-2); mean values for the Webb and rain heat fluxes were 2.5 and 4.5 W m(-2). Accounting for all factors, the net surface heat transfer to the ocean was 17.9 +/- 10 W m(-2).