The Cerebral Cortex of Man: A Clinical Study of Localization of Function
The Cerebral Cortex of Man: A Clinical Study of Localization of Function
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DOI：
10.1176/ajp.108.2.153
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发表时间：
1951-08
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
I. Kaufman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Kaufman
近年来，蒙特利尔神经研究所提供了越来越多关于正常和病理状态下大脑功能的实验和临床数据。尤其是对癫痫的研究一直很出色。这部作品的主角是彭菲尔德，他对休林斯·杰克逊的工作给予了适当的尊重，试图将同样类型的直观理解带到现代大脑功能的概念中。利用他在观察暴露的人脑方面的无与伦比的经验，他逐步形成了一个全面的神经整合概念。在这本最新的专著中，Penfield和Rasmussen总结了一组400名患者从皮质刺激和消融中获得的数据。对收集数据所使用的整体技术进行了很好的描述，强调了包括外科医生、脑电图师、麻醉师、护士、艺术家和记录员在内的团队合作的重要性。他们正确地指出，如果没有病人(局部麻醉)的积极持续合作，许多数据永远不会获得。详细介绍了感觉运动皮质的组织结构，从其近侧边缘与凸面上的扣带回相邻，一直到雷尔岛。后半部分与消化道有关。他们还描述了初级区域SO-马季奇和消化部分交界处的次级感觉运动区，以及初级区域前面内侧表面的辅助运动皮质，但这些区域的功能并不那么精确，似乎更多地涉及双侧和协同运动。初级视觉和听觉皮质也被描述，与感觉运动皮质一样，具有先天的、相对简单的和不变的功能。
From the Montreal Neurological Institute in recent years has come an increasing flow of experimental and clinical data on the function of the brain in normal and pathological states. The studies of epilepsy in particular have been outstanding. The prime figure in this work has been Penfield, who, with a proper regard for Hughlings Jackson’s work, has attempted to bring the same type of intuitive understanding to modern concepts of brain function. Utilizing his incomparable experience in the obser-vation of exposed human brains, he has progressively formulated a comprehensive concept of nervous integration. In this latest monograph, Penfield and Rasmussen summarize the data obtained from both cortical stimulation and ablation in a group of 400 patients. There is a good description of the overall technique used in gathering the data, emphasizing the importance of the teamwork involving surgeon, electroencephalographer, anesthetist, nurse, artist, and recorder. They properly point out that without the active continued cooperation of the patient (who is locally anesthetized) much of the data would never have been obtained. The organization of the sensorimotor cortex is presented in detail, from its mesial border adjacent to the cingulate gyms over the convexity, and onto the Island of Reil. The latter part is concerned with the alimentary tract. They describe also a secondary sensorimotor area at the junction between the so-matic and alimentary parts of the primary area and a supplementary notor cortex on the mesial surface anterior to the primary area, but the functions of these are not so precise and seem to deal more with bilateral and synergic movements. The primary visual and auditory cortices are also described, and like the sensorimotor cortex are shown to be in-volved with inborn and relatively simple and in-variable functions.