Fragmented Flows: Water Supply in Los Angeles County
Fragmented Flows: Water Supply in Los Angeles County
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破碎的水流：洛杉矶县的供水
DOI：
10.1007/s00267-016-0707-1
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
D. Cheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Pincetl;E. Porse;D. Cheng
在洛杉矶大都市区，近 100 个公共和私人实体正式参与饮用水的管理和分配——这一遗产植根于该地区分散的城市发展以及 19 世纪末对地方服务控制的信念。然而，尽管政策辩论的焦点集中在新形式的基础设施、重组的定价机制和其他技术修复上，但现行体系复杂的制度架构却很少受到关注。在本文中，我们追溯了该系统的发展，描述了其相互联系和脱节，并通过制图、统计分析和历史文本等多种方式证明了洛杉矶水利基础设施的隐形性。过去水资源丰富的结果导致了一个复杂但缺乏弹性的系统，用户习惯于廉价、容易获得的水。我们描述了当前系统缺乏透明度和问责制，以及其在建设所需的新基础设施和建立新的水费结构方面的缺点。适应日益严重的水资源短缺和可能发生的干旱必须包括解决水管理架构问题。
In the Los Angeles metropolitan region, nearly 100 public and private entities are formally involved in the management and distribution of potable water—a legacy rooted in fragmented urban growth in the area and late 19th century convictions about local control of services. Yet, while policy debates focus on new forms of infrastructure, restructured pricing mechanisms, and other technical fixes, the complex institutional architecture of the present system has received little attention. In this paper, we trace the development of this system, describe its interconnections and disjunctures, and demonstrate the invisibility of water infrastructure in LA in multiple ways—through mapping, statistical analysis, and historical texts. Perverse blessings of past water abundance led to a complex, but less than resilient, system with users accustomed to cheap, easily accessible water. We describe the lack of transparency and accountability in the current system, as well as its shortcomings in building needed new infrastructure and instituting new water rate structures. Adapting to increasing water scarcity and likely droughts must include addressing the architecture of water management.