Interleaved signal multiplexing readout in depth encoding Prism-PET detectors.
Interleaved signal multiplexing readout in depth encoding Prism-PET detectors.
复制标题
深度编码 Prism-PET 探测器中的交错信号复用读出。
DOI：
10.1002/mp.16456
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Goldan,AmirH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li,Yixin;LaBella,Andy;Zeng,Xinjie;Wang,Zipai;Petersen,Eric;Cao,Xinjie;Zhao,Wei;Goldan,AmirH
背景鉴于临床正电子发射断层扫描（PET）扫描仪中的大量读出像素，信号复用是降低扫描仪复杂性、功耗、热输出和成本的不可或缺的特征。目的在本文中，我们介绍了交错复用（iMux）方案，该方案利用具有单端读出的深度编码Prism-PET探测器模块的特征光共享模式。方法在iMux读出中，来自跨行和列的每隔一个硅光电倍增管（SiPM）像素的四个阳极（与四个不同的光导重叠）连接到相同的专用集成电路（ASIC）通道。使用4：1耦合Prism-PET探测器模块，该模块由1.5 × 1.5 × 20 mm 3氧硅酸钇镥（LYSO）闪烁体晶体的16 × 16阵列与3 × 3 mm 2 SiPM像素的8 × 8阵列耦合组成。研究了基于深度学习的解复用模型以恢复编码的能量信号。使用非多路复用和多路复用读出进行了两个不同的实验，以评估我们提出的iMux方案的空间、交互深度（DOI）和时序分辨率。ResultsThe测量的洪水直方图，使用我们基于深度学习的解复用架构的解码能量信号，实现了事件的完美晶体识别，解码错误可以忽略不计。平均能量、DOI和定时分辨率为9.6 ± 1.5%、2.9 ± 0.9 mm和266 ± 19 ps（对于非多路复用读出）和10.3 ± 1.6%、2.8 ± 0.8 mm和311 ± 28 ps（对于多路复用读出），结论我们提出的iMux方案改进了已经具有成本效益和高分辨率的Prism-PET探测器模块，16：1晶体到读出复用，性能没有明显下降。此外，在8 × 8阵列中只有四个SiPM像素短接在一起，以实现4对1像素到读出复用，从而降低了每个复用通道的电容。
BackgroundGiven the large number of readout pixels in clinical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners, signal multiplexing is an indispensable feature to reduce scanner complexity, power consumption, heat output, and cost.PurposeIn this paper, we introduce interleaved multiplexing (iMux) scheme that utilizes the characteristic light‐sharing pattern of depth‐encoding Prism‐PET detector modules with single‐ended readout.MethodsIn the iMux readout, four anodes from every other silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) pixels across rows and columns, which overlap with four distinct light guides, are connected to the same application‐specific integrated circuit (ASIC) channel. The 4‐to‐1 coupled Prism‐PET detector module was used which consisted of a 16 × 16 array of 1.5 × 1.5 × 20 mm3lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) scintillator crystals coupled to an 8 × 8 array with 3 × 3 mm2SiPM pixels. A deep learning‐based demultiplexing model was investigated to recover the encoded energy signals. Two different experiments were performed with non‐multiplexed and multiplexed readouts to evaluate the spatial, depth of interaction (DOI), and timing resolutions of our proposed iMux scheme.ResultsThe measured flood histograms, using the decoded energy signals from our deep learning‐based demultiplexing architecture, achieved perfect crystal identification of events with negligible decoding error. The average energy, DOI, and timing resolutions were 9.6 ± 1.5%, 2.9 ± 0.9 mm, and 266 ± 19 ps for non‐multiplexed readout and 10.3 ± 1.6%, 2.8 ± 0.8 mm, and 311 ± 28 ps for multiplexed readout, respectively.ConclusionsOur proposed iMux scheme improves on the already cost‐effective and high‐resolution Prism‐PET detector module and provides 16‐to‐1 crystal‐to‐readout multiplexing without appreciable performance degradation. Also, only four SiPM pixels are shorted together in the 8 × 8 array to achieve 4‐to‐1 pixel‐to‐readout multiplexing, resulting in lower capacitance per multiplexed channel.