A comparative analysis of the challenges in measuring transit equity: definitions, interpretations, and limitations
A comparative analysis of the challenges in measuring transit equity: definitions, interpretations, and limitations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.08.012
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Porter, J. David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carleton, Phillip R.;Porter, J. David
在研究公共交通服务向弱势群体分配的公平性时，人们往往希望对公平性进行一种简明、相关的定量衡量。这一雄心常常促使研究人员开发各种方法，将弱势群体的各种不利因素结合（或汇总）成一个单一的、多方面的弱势群体潜在交通需求（或需要）指标。这些指标，然后使一个比较简单的分析的总弱势人口的过境服务提供的过境需求，以达到一个衡量过境公平最近，有人提出，这种综合过境公平分析可能会引入隐藏的判断或偏见，通过具体的解释关键定义，并通过特定的选择，在建设一个组合的指标。它也可能是这样的情况下，这样一个总的度量可能会掩盖或卷积的各种弱势群体聚集到一个组合metric.This研究通过明确讨论的模糊性和隐含的判断经常发现在过境公平文献中的过境公平经历的重要差距，然后提供建议，以减轻这些问题。通过对俄勒冈州科瓦利斯市公交服务的案例分析，对两种普通股权益分析方法进行了比较，并介绍了一种新的公交服务指标体系的构建。通过比较每种分析方法中弱势群体过境需求的汇总和分解形式的结果，本研究提供了进一步的证据，表明在使用过境需求的汇总描述时，重要信息可能会被隐藏或容易被误解。
In the study of equity in public transit service distribution to disadvantaged groups, there is often a desire for a concise and relatable quantitative measure of equity. This ambition has often pushed researchers to develop methods for combining (or aggregating) various dimensions of disadvantage into a single, multi-faceted metric of potential transit demand (or need) among the disadvantaged population. These metrics then enable a somewhat straightforward analysis of the transit needs of the aggregate disadvantaged population to the transit service supplied in order to arrive at a measure of transit equity.More recently, it has been proposed that such aggregated transit equity analysis may introduce veiled judgments or bias through the specific interpretation of key definitions and through the particular choices in the construction of a combined metric. It may also be the case that such an aggregate metric may mask or convolute important disparities in transit equity experienced by the various disadvantaged populations aggregated into a combined metric.This research studies these issues through a clear discussion of the ambiguity and implied judgments often found in transit equity literature and then provides recommendations to mitigate these issues. Also, two common equity analysis methods are compared through a case study of public transit service in the city of Corvallis, Oregon, and a new transit service metric construction is introduced. By comparing the results of both the aggregated and disaggregated forms of disadvantaged group transit need within each analysis method, this study provides further evidence that important information may be concealed or easily misinterpreted when using aggregated descriptions of transit need.