Glyphosate and Paraquat in Maternal and Fetal Serums in Thai Women
Glyphosate and Paraquat in Maternal and Fetal Serums in Thai Women
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DOI：
10.1080/1059924x.2017.1319315
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Woskie, Susan Renee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kongtip, Pornpimol;Nankongnab, Noppanun;Woskie, Susan Renee
目的：这项纵向研究测量了在泰国三个省分娩的82名孕妇的母体和脐带血清中发现的草甘膦和百草枯浓度。研究方法：通过调查问卷和分娩时收集的生物样本，评估了个人特征、家庭成员职业、农业活动和农业工作中除草剂使用等因素作为孕妇草甘膦和百草枯水平的预测因素。统计分析采用单变量和二元多元逻辑回归，其结果是接触百草枯或草甘膦的概率高于与职业和家庭因素相关的检测限。结果如下：分娩时孕妇血清中的草甘膦浓度（中位数：17.5，范围：0.2-189.1 ng/mL）显著高于（P <0.007）脐带血清中的草甘膦浓度（中位数：0.2，范围：0.2-94.9 ng/mL）。然而，孕妇分娩时血清中的百草枯浓度（83%检测限[LOD]，最大值为58.3 ng/mL）与脐带血清中的结果相似（分娩时血清中80% LOD的人报告从事农业工作的可能性高11.9倍（P < .001），居住在农业区附近的可能性高3.7倍（P = .006），家庭成员从事农业的可能性高5.9倍（P < .001）。影响孕妇在分娩时接触百草枯的唯一因素是报告在妊娠晚期从事农业活动，如挖掘农田土壤和在农田中工作。结论：这些结果表明，从事农业工作或生活在从事农业工作的家庭中的孕妇接触除草剂草甘膦和百草枯的风险较高。应评估这些产前接触对儿童长期健康影响的可能性，并应考虑在泰国加强对除草剂销售和使用的监管。
Objectives: This longitudinal study measured the glyphosate and paraquat concentrations found in maternal and umbilical cord serum in 82 pregnant women who gave birth in three provinces of Thailand. Methods: Through questionnaires and biological samples collected at childbirth, factors such as personal characteristics, family members occupation, agricultural activities, and herbicide use in agricultural work were evaluated as predictors of glyphosate and paraquat levels in the pregnant women. Statistical analysis used univariate and binary multiple logistic regression, where the outcome was the probability of exposure to paraquat or glyphosate above the limit of detection associated with occupation and household factors. Results: The glyphosate concentrations in the pregnant women's serum at childbirth (median: 17.5, range: 0.2-189.1 ng/mL) were significantly higher (P < .007) than those in the umbilical cord serum (median: 0.2, range: 0.2-94.9 ng/mL). However, the paraquat concentrations in the serum of the pregnant women at childbirth (83% limit of detection [LOD], with maximum of 58.3 ng/mL) were similar to those in the umbilical cord serum (80% LOD in serum at childbirth were 11.9 times more likely to report work as an agriculturist (P < .001), 3.7 times more likely to live near agricultural areas (P = .006), and 5.9 times more likely to have a family member who worked in agriculture (P < .001). The only factors affecting paraquat exposures in pregnant women at childbirth were reporting the agricultural activity of digging in farm soil and working in the agricultural fields in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: These results show that pregnant women who work in agriculture or live in families that work in agriculture have higher exposures to the herbicides glyphosate and paraquat. The potential for long-term health impacts of these prenatal exposures to children should be evaluated, and greater regulation of the sale and use of herbicides should be considered in Thailand.