Phylogenetic analysis of k(+) transporters in bryophytes, lycophytes, and flowering plants indicates a specialization of vascular plants.
Phylogenetic analysis of k(+) transporters in bryophytes, lycophytes, and flowering plants indicates a specialization of vascular plants.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2012.00167
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Dreyer I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gomez-Porras JL;Riaño-Pachón DM;Benito B;Haro R;Sklodowski K;Rodríguez-Navarro A;Dreyer I
作为早期进化的遗产，钾（K+）是所有活细胞绝对必需的。它在代谢中作为稳定剂发挥重要作用，并且对于酶活化、蛋白质合成的稳定以及细胞分子如蛋白质和核酸上的负电荷的中和是重要的。陆地植物甚至扩大了这一范围的K+利用上岸后，尽管事实上，K+是远远低于其新的贫营养栖息地比海水。不可避免的是，植物细胞必须改善和发展独特的运输系统，以积累和分配K+。在过去的二十年中，在分子水平上已经鉴定了多种开花植物的K+转运蛋白。最近发表的蕨类植物卷柏基因组现在有助于更好地了解土地定殖以及脉管系统和种子发育中所涉及的分子变化。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个清单的K+转运这lycophyte和pigeonhole他们一起与他们的亲戚从苔藓立碗藓，单子叶植物水稻，和两个双子叶植物，草本植物拟南芥，和树杨。有趣的是，绿色植物从水环境到干燥环境的过渡与电压门控钾通道多样性的急剧减少相一致，随后是一个幸存的K+通道类的基础上的多样化。K+释放通道（Kout）在S. moellendorffii在拟南芥中被证明参与木质部装载和保卫细胞关闭与维管植物的特化一致，并可能表明一个重要的适应步骤。
As heritage from early evolution, potassium (K+) is absolutely necessary for all living cells. It plays significant roles as stabilizer in metabolism and is important for enzyme activation, stabilization of protein synthesis, and neutralization of negative charges on cellular molecules as proteins and nucleic acids. Land plants even enlarged this spectrum of K+ utilization after having gone ashore, despite the fact that K+ is far less available in their new oligotrophic habitats than in sea water. Inevitably, plant cells had to improve and to develop unique transport systems for K+ accumulation and distribution. In the past two decades a manifold of K+ transporters from flowering plants has been identified at the molecular level. The recently published genome of the fern ally Selaginella moellendorffii now helps in providing a better understanding on the molecular changes involved in the colonization of land and the development of the vasculature and the seeds. In this article we present an inventory of K+ transporters of this lycophyte and pigeonhole them together with their relatives from the moss Physcomitrella patens, the monocotyledon Oryza sativa, and two dicotyledonous species, the herbaceous plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and the tree Populus trichocarpa. Interestingly, the transition of green plants from an aqueous to a dry environment coincides with a dramatic reduction in the diversity of voltage-gated potassium channels followed by a diversification on the basis of one surviving K+ channel class. The first appearance of K+ release (Kout) channels in S. moellendorffii that were shown in Arabidopsis to be involved in xylem loading and guard cell closure coincides with the specialization of vascular plants and may indicate an important adaptive step.