The most ancient roach (Blattodea): a new genus and species from the earliest Late Carboniferous (Namurian) of China, with a discussion of the phylomorphogeny of early blattids
The most ancient roach (Blattodea): a new genus and species from the earliest Late Carboniferous (Namurian) of China, with a discussion of the phylomorphogeny of early blattids
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DOI：
10.1080/14772019.2011.634443
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发表时间：
2013-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Zhijun Zhang;J. Schneider;Youchong Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhijun Zhang;J. Schneider;Youchong Hong
已知最古老的蟑螂——祁连小蠊（Qilianiblatta namurensis）新属新种，来自最早的宾夕法尼亚纪（纳缪尔阶B/C）祁连山昆虫群，是根据在中国西北祁连山挖掘出的材料描述的。这个新属的特征是具有欧美和安加拉古生代晚期蜚蠊属各种典型的原始特征和衍生特征的组合。尽管祁连小蠊的时代与之前已知的最古老蜚蠊（维斯法阶A期的始祖蜚蠊，年轻1 - 2百万年）之间的时间间隔有限，但祁连小蠊主脉和横脉的模式在某些方面似乎更先进。这在主脉仅微弱表现的初级二分以及横脉相对现代的形态方面尤为明显。这个新分类单元引发了关于“原始蜚蠊型”基础模式多源起源的问题，即一次是在维斯法期末期的欧美生物区，源自始祖蜚蠊，以及更早地在华夏（ - 安加拉？）生物区源自像祁连小蠊这样的类型。祁连小蠊的前翅显然是保护翅（覆翅），可能在飞行过程中不直接参与产生升力。相对于有翅昆虫的最早多样化以及六足动物翅膀的一般基础模式，这些翅膀相当先进。有翅蜚蠊可能早在泥盆纪就已出现。http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:85EE542A - 5A05 - 4790 - 9F67 - ABE3FE85FF83
The most ancient known roach, Qilianiblatta namurensis gen. et sp. nov. from the earliest Pennsylvanian (Namurian B/C) Qilianshan entomofauna, is described from material excavated in the Qilianshan Mountains of north-western China. The new genus is characterized by a mosaic of plesiomorphic and apomorphic features typical of various Euramerican and Angaran Late Palaeozoic blattid genera. Despite a limited time gap between the age of Q. namurensis and that of the previously known oldest blattids (archimylacrids of Westphalian A age, 1–2 Ma younger), the pattern of main veins and cross venation of Q. namurensis appears in some regards more advanced. This is particularly apparent in the only weakly expressed primary dichotomy of main veins and the relatively modern aspect of the cross venation. The new taxon raises questions regarding the polyphyletic origin of the ‘phyloblattoid' groundplan, namely once in the Euramerican biotic province at the end of the Westphalian and stemming from archimylacrids, and earlier in the Cathaysian (–Angaran?) biotic province from forms like Qilianiblatta. Forewings of Q. namurensis are clearly protective wings (tegmina) and probably were not involved directly in the production of lift during flight. These wings are considerably advanced relative to the earliest diversification of the winged insects and the general groundplan for hexapodan wings. It is possible that winged blattids appeared as early as the Devonian. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:85EE542A-5A05-4790-9F67-ABE3FE85FF83