A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456
A Restless Supermassive Black Hole in the Galaxy J0437+2456
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DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/abde3d
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Pesce;A. Seth;J. Greene;J. Braatz;J. Condon;B. Kent;D. Krajnović
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Pesce;A. Seth;J. Greene;J. Braatz;J. Condon;B. Kent;D. Krajnović
我们给出了由Pesce等人首次报道的证实J0437+2456中超大质量黑洞(SMBH)特殊运动的观测活动的结果。阿雷西博天文台的深度观测已经探测到中性氢(HI)的发射，从那里我们测量到整个星系的后退速度为4910公里S−1。我们还利用双子座北望远镜对银核进行了近红外积分场光谱观测，得到了空间分辨的恒星和气体运动学，中心速度在最内侧半径(0.“1≈34pc)S−1。这两个测量结果都与SMBH的∼4810公里S−1 H2O超脉射速度有显著差异，支持先前关于SMBH与其宿主星系之间速度偏移的指示。然而，这两个测量值也有很大的不同，整个星系呈现出复杂的速度结构，这意味着该系统最近受到了动态扰动。这些结果清楚地表明，SMBH并不是关于星系的系统速度的静止状态，尽管移动SMBH的具体性质--即它是否跟踪正在进行的星系合并、双星黑洞系统或引力波反冲事件--仍不清楚。
We present the results from an observing campaign to confirm the peculiar motion of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in J0437+2456 first reported in Pesce et al. Deep observations with the Arecibo Observatory have yielded a detection of neutral hydrogen (H i) emission, from which we measure a recession velocity of 4910 km s−1 for the galaxy as a whole. We have also obtained near-infrared integral field spectroscopic observations of the galactic nucleus with the Gemini North telescope, yielding spatially resolved stellar and gas kinematics with a central velocity at the innermost radii (0.″1 ≈ 34 pc) of 4860 km s−1. Both measurements differ significantly from the ∼4810 km s−1 H2O megamaser velocity of the SMBH, supporting the prior indications of a velocity offset between the SMBH and its host galaxy. However, the two measurements also differ significantly from one another, and the galaxy as a whole exhibits a complex velocity structure that implies that the system has recently been dynamically disturbed. These results make it clear that the SMBH is not at rest with respect to the systemic velocity of the galaxy, though the specific nature of the mobile SMBH—i.e., whether it traces an ongoing galaxy merger, a binary black hole system, or a gravitational-wave recoil event—remains unclear.