Role of Multimedia in Medicine: Study of Visual Prosthesis
Role of Multimedia in Medicine: Study of Visual Prosthesis
复制标题
多媒体在医学中的作用：视觉假体研究
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-15887-3_27
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rimsha Sarosh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parsa Sarosh;S. A. Parah;Rimsha Sarosh
多媒体在医学领域的作用正以惊人的速度增长。医学图像和视频用于记录和监测疾病的进展以及对治疗策略的反应。X射线、CT扫描和MRI等数字图像用于诊断各种疾病。通过对这些图像的分析，医生能够了解损伤的性质和程度。虽然多媒体在医学上的主要用途是诊断性质，但很少有应用于治疗。人类有幸拥有一个完美的视觉系统，通过它他能够感知世界。眼睛被称为“视觉器官”，是外部环境和大脑之间的窗口。视觉的机制涉及光，光在撞击物体后进入眼睛并刺激感光细胞。一系列复杂而又知之甚少的反应被启动，其中产生电刺激并向大脑传递。这个序列就是“视觉通路”。然而，由于影响视觉通路各个部分的疾病，可能会减少感知的光线，甚至部分或全部失明。其中一些疾病完全无法治愈，病人陷入绝望。这些患者是视觉假体的潜在候选人。视觉假体是一种试图为部分或完全失明的人提供视觉的电子设备。该过程需要连续捕获特定场景的图像帧，然后根据所拍摄的图像刺激某些植入电极。通过对图像的有效实时处理，人们能够看到外部环境的稳定视图。这项工作的目的是提供洞察各种类型的视觉假体已经开发。它还将突出工程细节和操作的基本原则，唯一的FDA批准的视网膜植入物称为ARGUS II。虽然有多种类型的视觉假体，如ASR或Alpha IMS等，但只有一种设备ARGUS II，它是Second Sight公司的产品，可供患者使用，并被描述为人道主义设备。该设备是多年科学研究的产物，非常复杂，拥有最新的技术和最有效的组件。然而，Mark Humayun博士和其他专家团队描述的基本操作原理是MARC（多人工视网膜芯片组）系统。它是一个由多个组件组成的系统，这些组件同步工作，为患者提供有用的视觉。MARC系统具有内部和外部组件以及放置在视网膜表面上的电极阵列，这使其成为视网膜外植入物。本章主要介绍视网膜前膜植入物（如ARGUS II）的工作原理，以及如何将其用于为患者提供功能性视力。
The role of multimedia in the field of medicine is increasing at a tremendous rate. Medical images and videos are used for the documentation and monitoring of progression of diseases as well as the response to treatment strategies. Digital images such as X-RAYS, CT-SCANS and MRI are used for diagnosis of various diseases. With the analysis of these images, the doctor is able to understand the nature and extent of the damage. Although the main use of multimedia in medicine is of diagnostic nature, few applications are therapeutic. The human being is blessed with an impeccable visual system through which he is able to perceive the world. The eye, known as the “organ of sight” forms the window between the external environment and the brain. The mechanism of vision involves the light, which after striking the object enters the eye and stimulates the photoreceptor cells. A complex and poorly understood series of reactions is set into motion, wherein an electrical stimulus is generated and relayed towards the brain. This sequence is the “visual pathway”. However, due to diseases affecting various parts of the visual pathway, there can be a decrease in the perceived light and even partial or total blindness. Some of these diseases have absolutely no cure and the patient is left in despair. These patients are potential candidates for a visual prosthesis. A visual prosthesis is a type of an electronic device which tries to provide vision to those who are partially or totally blind. The process requires continuous capturing of the image frames of a particular scene and then stimulating certain implanted electrodes in accordance with the image being taken. With the efficient real-time processing of the images, the person is able to see a steady view of the external environment. The aim of this work is to provide insight into the various types of visual prosthesis that have been developed. It will also highlight the engineering details and the underlying principle of operation of the only FDA approved retinal implant called ARGUS II. Although there are multiple types of visual prosthetics like the ASR or the Alpha IMS etc, there is only one device THE ARGUS II which is the product of the Second Sight Company that is available to patients for use and is characterized as a humanitarian device. The device is the product of years of scientific research and is very sophisticated, having the latest technology and most efficient components. However, the underlying principle of operation, described by Dr. Mark Humayun with a team of other experts, is the MARC (Multiple artificial retinal chipset) system. It is a system with multiple components that work together synchronously to provide useful vision to patients. The MARC system has internal and external components and an electrode array placed onto the retinal surface which makes it an epi-retinal implant. This chapter mainly describes the working of an epi-retinal implant like ARGUS II and how it is used to provide functional vision to patients.
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
da Cruz, Lyndon;Dorn, Jessy D.;Humayun, Mark S.;Dagnelie, Gislin;Handa, James;Barale, Pierre-Olivier;Sahel, Jose-Alain;Stanga, Paulo E.;Hafezi, Farhad;Safran, Avinoam B.;Salzmann, Joel;Santos, Arturo;Birch, David;Spencer, Rand;Cideciyan, Artur V.;de Juan, Eugene;Duncan, Jacque L.;Eliott, Dean;Fawzi, Amani;de Koo, Lisa C. Olmos;Ho, Allen C.;Brown, Gary;Haller, Julia;Regillo, Carl;Del Priore, Lucian V.;Arditi, Aries;Greenberg, Robert J.
通讯作者：
Greenberg, Robert J.
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Humayun MS;Dorn JD;da Cruz L;Dagnelie G;Sahel JA;Stanga PE;Cideciyan AV;Duncan JL;Eliott D;Filley E;Ho AC;Santos A;Safran AB;Arditi A;Del Priore LV;Greenberg RJ;Argus II Study Group
通讯作者：
Argus II Study Group
四维显微镜集成 OCT 在 Argus II 放置中的应用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.oret.2017.10.015
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
Ophthalmology. Retina
影响因子：
--
作者：
Finn,AvniP;Viehland,Christian;Carrasco-Zevallos,OscarM;Izatt,JosephA;Toth,CynthiaA;Vajzovic,Lejla
通讯作者：
Vajzovic,Lejla