Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management
Response of Ruderal Species Diversity to an Urban Environment: Implications for Conservation and Management
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野生物种多样性对城市环境的响应：对保护和管理的影响
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph15122832
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang Xiaoke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo Peipei;Yu Fang;Ren Yuan;Liu Dong;Li Jia;Ouyang Zhiyun;Wang Xiaoke
人为活动削弱了杂草的入侵，增加了城市地区非本地物种的数量。摘要杂草是城市植物多样性的重要组成部分，对城市绿色空间的可持续发展具有重要意义。采用镶嵌随机样地法对北京市建成区不同土地利用类型的杂草物种组成和生物多样性进行了研究。土壤样品从表面到深度为10厘米，从每个网站，以研究土壤特性对杂草物种多样性的影响。结果表明，该地区共有杂草120种，其中本地种71种，外来种49种。其中，90%被确定为大都会。本地物种占大多数的杂草在所有八个LUT。机构，住宅区和林地面积粗管理有较高的杂草物种丰富度比商业区和路边草坪。城市公园中致敏物种所占比例最高，外来入侵物种占杂草种类的20%。杂草物种多样性与距市中心的距离、修剪强度和土壤特性有关。这些结果表明，杂草在城市草坪物种多样性中发挥着重要作用，北京草坪中存在着巨大的潜力，这将有助于提高生态系统的功能效益。应适当利用和保护习惯于不同LUT的因果过程和环境条件的杂草物种，以改善不同LUT的恶劣条件并维持生态系统健康。
Anthropogenic activities have weakened the invasion of ruderals and increased the number of non-native species in urban areas. Ruderals are an important component of urban plant diversity and are of great significance to the sustainable development of urban green space. We used the tessellation–randomized plot method to examine the composition and biodiversity of ruderal species among urban land use types (LUTs) in the built-up areas of Beijing. Soil samples from the surface to a depth of 10 cm were taken from each site to examine the impact of soil characteristics on ruderal species diversity. Results showed that a total of 120 ruderal species were observed, including 71 native and 49 non-native species. Among them, 90% were identified as Cosmopolitan. Native species accounted for the majority of ruderals across all the eight LUTs. Institutional, residential, and woodlot areas with coarser management had higher ruderal species richness than did commercial areas and roadside lawns. Allergenic species showed the highest proportions in municipal parks, and invasive species accounted for 20% of all ruderal species. Ruderal species diversity was related to distance from the urban center, pruning intensity, and soil characteristics. These results suggest that with ruderals playing an important role in urban grass species diversity, there is tremendous potential for more native species in Beijing lawns, which would contribute substantially to increasing the ecological system’s functional benefits. Ruderal species accustomed to the causal processes and environmental conditions of different LUTs should be used and conserved properly to improve the harsh conditions of different LUTs and to sustain ecosystem health.