Canine Leishmaniasis in North America: Emerging or Newly Recognized?
Canine Leishmaniasis in North America: Emerging or Newly Recognized?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cvsm.2009.06.008
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Barr, Stephen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Petersen, Christine A.;Barr, Stephen C.
犬利什曼病是一种致命的人畜共患病，通常与热带地区有关。病原是一种专性细胞内原生动物，幼利什曼原虫。1999年，据报道在纽约的一个猎狐犬犬舍爆发了犬利什曼病，自那次报告以来，在美国各地的其他猎狐犬犬舍发生了其他几次暴发。由于与这些暴发相关的高死亡率和高传染性，临床医生必须了解这种疾病，以便迅速识别并制定控制措施。有旅行史的病例可能提示有输入性疾病；这些主要是在南欧观测到的（如法国南部、西班牙和意大利）。由于垂直传播，来自这些和其他流行地区的品种感染利什曼原虫的风险可能更高。本报告的目的是讨论犬利什曼病的临床症状、流行病学、诊断、控制和治疗，重点是北美地区该病的各个方面。
Canine leishmaniasis is a fatal zoonotic visceralizing disease usually associated with tropical areas. The etiologic agent is an obligate intracellular protozoan, Leishmania infantum. In 1999, an outbreak of a canine leishmaniasis was reported in a Foxhound kennel in New York, and since that report, several other outbreaks have occurred across the United States in additional Foxhound kennels. Because of the high mortality and transmissibility associated with these outbreaks, it is essential that clinicians be aware of this disease to permit its rapid recognition and institution of control measures. Cases with a travel history may suggest imported disease; these are mainly observed from Southern Europe (eg, south of France, Spain, and Italy). Breeds from these and other endemic areas may be at higher risk of infection with Leishmania because of vertical transmission. The purpose of this report is to discuss the clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnosis, control, and treatment of canine leishmaniasis with focus on the aspects of this disease within North America.