Carrots and sticks: fertility effects of China's population policies.

Carrots and sticks: fertility effects of China's population policies.
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DOI:
10.1257/aer.90.2.389
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发表时间:
2000
期刊:
The American economic review
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Marjorie B. McElroy;Dennis Tao Yang
Marjorie B. McElroy;Dennis Tao Yang
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marjorie B. McElroy;Dennis Tao Yang

文献摘要

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在1949年之后的20年里,中国的人均总生育率徘徊在略高于6个孩子的水平。1970年标志着生育率持续下降的开始。到1980年,这一比率降至2.75%,自1992年以来一直保持在2%以下。尽管这种转变在一定程度上可以归因于广泛的社会经济发展,但在多大程度上归因于中国独特的人口政策,仍然存在争议。本文分析了1992年家庭经济和生育率调查(HEFS)中的家庭数据,为这些政策的有效性提供了第一个直接的微观经济学经验证据。
For 20 years following 1949, average total fertility per woman in China hovered just above six children. The year 1970 marked the beginning of persistent fertility declines. By 1980, the rate had dropped to 2.75, and since 1992 it has remained under 2. While some of this transition can be accounted for by broad socioeconomic developments, the extent to which it is attributable to China's unique population policies remains controversial. This paper analyzes household data from the 1992 Household Economy and Fertility Survey (HEFS) to provide the first direct microeconomic empirical evidence on the efficacy of these policies.