ORIGINS OF THE PARASITIC HABIT IN THE NEMATODA
ORIGINS OF THE PARASITIC HABIT IN THE NEMATODA
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DOI：
10.1016/0020-7519(94)90186-4
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发表时间：
1994-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
CLARK, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CLARK, WC
可能出席和影响的情况下，通过和发展的寄生习性之间的线虫进行检查。早期的陆生线虫能够利用不连续的栖息地，如分解有机物，这些特征被认为对成为动植物寄生虫的食微生物的Secernentea有利。这一发展是在陆地植物群出现之后，两栖纲是线虫的第一个脊椎动物宿主。涉及中间宿主的生命周期在干燥的环境和水生环境中是必不可少的，在水生环境中，中间宿主保存了感染阶段;使它们“处于循环中”，并使它们对捕食者有吸引力。它的结论是，寄生的习惯是通过反复在Secernentea和Adenophorea，虽然后者没有多样化。趋同性是线虫进化的一个共同特征，其典型的5龄期4次蜕皮的生活史模式常因阶段的抑制、延伸和多样性及其作用而发生很大的改变。有必要在冈瓦纳大陆剩余的雨林中的线虫消失之前对其进行检查，特别是无脊椎动物。
Circumstances that probably attended and influenced the adoption and development of the parasitic habit amongst the Nematoda are examined. Features that allowed early terrestrial nematodes to exploit discontinuous habitats such as decomposing organic matter, are considered to have been advantageous to microbivorous Secernentea that became parasites of animals and plants. This development followed the appearance of a land flora and that the Amphibia were the first vertebrate hosts of nematodes. Life cycles involving intermediate hosts were essential in drier environments and in aquatic ones where intermediate hosts preserve the infective stages; keeps them ''in circulation'', and makes them attractive to predators. It is concluded that the parasitic habit was adopted repeatedly in both Secernentea and Adenophorea, though the latter did not diversify as much. Convergence is a common feature of nematode evolution, and the typical life history pattern of 5 stadia separated by 4 moults is often greatly modified by suppression, extension and diversification of stages and their roles. There is a need to examine the nematodes, especially of invertebrates in the remaining rain forests of Gondwanaland before they disappear.