MONOPLASTIDIC CELL DIVISION IN LOWER LAND PLANTS
MONOPLASTIDIC CELL DIVISION IN LOWER LAND PLANTS
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DOI：
10.1002/j.1537-2197.1990.tb13588.x
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
LEMMON B E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BROWN R C;LEMMON B E
在许多隐花植物和维管隐花植物中，有丝分裂和/或减数分裂发生在含有单个质体的细胞中。在单质体细胞分裂中，质体极性保证了核分裂和质体分裂的绝对协调。质体极性的两个主要组成部分是形态发生质体迁移和微管组织。在核分裂之前，质体迁移到与未来分裂面相交的位置。这种形态发生的迁移是一个可靠的标志，分裂极性的细胞和不preprophase带的微管（PPB）。PPB是陆地植物的一个特征，它预测了有丝分裂前的未来分裂平面，它插入细胞动力学装置标志着皮层微管系统的进化和分生组织生长的承诺。与质体分裂相关的微管系统，有丝分裂中的轴向微管系统（AMS）和减数分裂中的四极微管系统（QMS），有助于质体的预测定位，并直接参与纺锤体个体发育。单质体孢子母细胞的分裂极性是显着的，因为分裂位点是在减数分裂的两次连续核分裂之前选择的。减数分裂前的质体排列决定了单质体孢子母细胞中未来的孢子结构域，而在多质体孢子母细胞中，孢子核在胞质结构域中起主要作用。据推测，与单质体细胞分裂相关的分裂前微管系统是有丝分裂器的早期形成组件，其用于定向纺锤体并确保核和质体的平等分配。“在没有任何迹象表明这种核分裂将要发生之前，是否可以设想，细胞质将承担为四个核中的每一个核准备叶绿体这样重要的任务？”布拉德利·摩尔·戴维斯，1899
In many bryophytes and vascular cryptogams mitosis and/or meiosis takes place in cells containing a single plastid. In monoplastidic cell division plastid polarity assures that nuclear and plastid division are infallibly coordinated. The two major components of plastid polarity are morphogenetic plastid migration and microtubule organization at the plastids. Before nuclear division the plastid migrates to a position intersecting the future division plane. This morphogenetic migration is a reliable marker of division polarity in cells with and without a preprophase band of microtubules (PPB). The PPB, which predicts the future division plane before mitosis, is a characteristic feature of land plants and its insertion into the cytokinetic apparatus marks the evolution of a cortical microtubule system and a commitment to meristematic growth. Microtubule systems associated with plastid division, the axial microtubule system (AMS) in mitosis and the quadripolar microtubule system (QMS) in meiosis, contribute to predictive positioning of plastids and participate directly in spindle ontogeny. Division polarity in monoplastidic sporocytes is remarkable in that division sites are selected prior to the two successive nuclear divisions of meiosis. Plastid arrangement prior to meiosis determines the future spore domains in monoplastidic sporocytes, whereas in polyplastidic sporocytes the spore nuclei play a major role in claiming cytoplasmic domains. It is hypothesized that predivision microtubule systems associated with monoplastidic cell division are early forming components of the mitotic apparatus that serve to orient the spindle and insure equal apportionment of nucleus and plastids.“Can it be supposed that cytoplasm would be intrusted with so important a task as the preparation of a chloroplast for each of the four nuclei that are later to preside over the spores before there is any indication that such nuclear division is to take place?”Bradley Moore Davis, 1899