A global coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian model and 1 x 1 km CO2 surface flux dataset for high-resolution atmospheric CO2 transport simulations
A global coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian model and 1 x 1 km CO2 surface flux dataset for high-resolution atmospheric CO2 transport simulations
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DOI：
10.5194/gmd-5-231-2012
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Zhuravlev, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganshin, A.;Oda, T.;Zhuravlev, R.
我们设计了一种方法，利用地表通量在非常高的空间分辨率下模拟全球几个连续观测点的大气CO2浓度。本研究采用全球欧拉-拉格朗日耦合大气模式（GELCA）进行模拟，该模式包括一个拉格朗日粒子色散模式和一个全球大气示踪剂输运模式，该模式具有规定的全球地表CO2通量图，分辨率为1x1 km。模拟中使用的地表通量是通过组合陆地、海洋和化石燃料二氧化碳通量的各个组成部分来编制的。该实验装置（即在中等分辨率下运行的输移模型，与高分辨率的拉格朗日粒子色散模型以及非常高分辨率的全球表面通量相结合）旨在表示大气CO2浓度的高频变化，但此前尚未在全球尺度上进行过报道。为了评估欧拉-拉格朗日耦合的性能和高分辨率通量在模拟大气CO2浓度高频变化中的作用，进行了两项灵敏度实验：(a)使用不与拉格朗日色散模型耦合的全球输运模型，以及(b)使用分辨率降低的地表通量耦合模型。对选定地点的观测和模拟大气CO2浓度的相关性分析表明，欧拉-拉格朗日耦合和高分辨率通量的结合改善了模式的高频模拟。这些结果强调了欧拉-拉格朗日耦合模式在模拟全球许多地区高频大气CO2浓度方面的潜力。该模式在高空间和时间分辨率的大气CO2浓度观测中表现良好，特别是对于沿海站点和靠近大量人为排放源的站点。虽然这项研究的重点是对二氧化碳浓度的模拟，但该模型可以用于已知估计排放量的其他大气化合物。
We designed a method to simulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations at several continuous observation sites around the globe using surface fluxes at a very high spatial resolution. The simulations presented in this study were performed using the Global Eulerian-Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric model (GELCA), comprising a Lagrangian particle dispersion model coupled to a global atmospheric tracer transport model with prescribed global surface CO2 flux maps at a 1x1 km resolution. The surface fluxes used in the simulations were prepared by assembling the individual components of terrestrial, oceanic and fossil fuel CO2 fluxes. This experimental setup (i. e. a transport model running at a medium resolution, coupled to a high-resolution Lagrangian particle dispersion model together with global surface fluxes at a very high resolution), which was designed to represent high-frequency variations in atmospheric CO2 concentration, has not been reported at a global scale previously. Two sensitivity experiments were performed: (a) using the global transport model without coupling to the Lagrangian dispersion model, and (b) using the coupled model with a reduced resolution of surface fluxes, in order to evaluate the performance of Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling and the role of high-resolution fluxes in simulating high-frequency variations in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. A correlation analysis between observed and simulated atmospheric CO2 concentrations at selected locations revealed that the inclusion of both Eulerian-Lagrangian coupling and highresolution fluxes improves the high-frequency simulations of the model. The results highlight the potential of a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian model in simulating high-frequency atmospheric CO2 concentrations at many locations worldwide. The model performs well in representing observations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations at high spatial and temporal resolutions, especially for coastal sites and sites located close to sources of large anthropogenic emissions. While this study focused on simulations of CO2 concentrations, the model could be used for other atmospheric compounds with known estimated emissions.